Declaration on the Common Language: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 12:22, 22 November 2023

Revision as of 05:00, 25 January 2024

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| caption1 = [[Press-conference|Press conference]] about the ''Declaration on the Common Language''

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The '''Declaration on the Common Language''' ({{lang-sh-Latn-Cyrl|Deklaracija o zajedničkom jeziku|Декларација о заједничком језику|separator=" / "}}) was issued in 2017 by a group of intellectuals and [[NGO]]s from [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Montenegro]] and [[Serbia]] who were working under the banner of a project called "Language and Nationalism".<ref name="Kord2024">{{cite book|last=Kordić|first=Snježana|author-link=Snježana Kordić|editor-last1=Nomachi|editor-first1=Motoki|editor-link1=Motoki Nomachi|editor-last2=Kamusella|editor-first2=Tomasz|editor-link2=Tomasz Kamusella|title=Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires|publisher=[[Routledge]]|series=Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe|pages=172–173|chapter=Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372202077|chapter-format=PDF|language=en|___location=London|year=2024|doi=10.4324/9781003034025-11|doi-access=|isbn=978-0-367-47191-0|lccn=|oclc=1390118985|s2cid=259576119|s2cid-access=|ssrn=4680766|ssrn-access=free|id={{COBISS.SR|125229577}}. {{COBISS|171014403}}|archive-url=https://archive.org/details/kordic-ideology-against-language |archive-date=2024-01-10|access-date=2024-01-25|url-status=live}}</ref> The ''Declaration'' states that [[Bosniaks]], [[Croats]], [[Montenegrins]] and [[Serbs]] have a common [[standard language]] of the [[Polycentric language|polycentric]] type.<ref name="Kord2024"/>

[[File:Television cameras at Press conference in Sarajevo.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Great interest of [[television companies]] in the Press conference about the ''Declaration'']]Before any public presentation, the ''Declaration'' was signed by over 200 [[Famous people|prominent]] writers, scientists, journalists, activists and other public figures from the four [[Country|countries]].<ref name="Trudgill"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Šipka|first=Danko|authorlink=Danko Sipka|year=2019|title=Lexical layers of identity: words, meaning, and culture in the Slavic languages|___location=New York|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=168|doi=10.1017/9781108685795|isbn=978-953-313-086-6|s2cid=150383965 |lccn=2018048005 |oclc=1061308790|quote=2017, a group of over 200 intellectuals (mostly writers, actors, but also numerous linguists) published a declaration on the common language, which, among others, claimed that Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin are not separate languages but rather variants of the common language.}}</ref> After being [[Publishing|published]], it has been signed by over 10,000 people from all over the region.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mader Skender|first=Mia|title=Die kroatische Standardsprache auf dem Weg zur Ausbausprache|language=German|trans-title=The Croatian standard language on the way to ausbau language|chapter=Deklaracija o zajedničkom jeziku|trans-chapter=Declaration on the Common Language|url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/215815/|format=PDF|publisher=University of Zurich, Faculty of Arts, Institute of Slavonic Studies|series=UZH Dissertations|pages=81–84|___location=Zurich|year=2022|doi=10.5167/uzh-215815|accessdate=3 March 2022|type=Dissertation |quote=Die Liste kann auf der genannten Seite eingesehen werden und zählt mittlerweile weit mehr als 10.000 Unterschriften. |trans-quote=The list can be viewed on the mentioned page and now counts well over 10.000 signatures. |quote-page=82}}</ref> The ''Declaration on the Common Language'' is an attempt to counter nationalistic factions.<ref>{{cite web|first=Sven|last=Milekić|date=30 March 2017|title=Post-Yugoslav 'Common Language' Declaration Challenges Nationalism|url=http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/post-yugoslav-common-language-declaration-challenges-nationalism-03-29-2017|publisher=[[Balkan Insight]]|archive-date=27 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427234436/http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/post-yugoslav-common-language-declaration-challenges-nationalism-03-29-2017|url-status=live|___location=London|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> Its aim is to stimulate discussion on language without nationalism and to contribute to the [[Reconciliation (ethnic relations)|reconciliation]] process.<ref name="Economist"/>

==Contents of the Declaration==

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[[File:Snjezana Kordic keynote presentation Hokkaido University.jpg|thumb|upright=1.6|[[Snježana Kordić]]'s&nbsp;[[Keynote|plenary lecture]] on the ''Declaration''<ref name="Kord2024"/> at a [[Academic conference|conference]] in Japan 2018<ref name="KordJapan"/>]]During 2018, a series of [[Keynote|plenary lectures]] on the ''Declaration'' was held at [[Academic conference|conferences]] at the universities of various [[EU countries]],<ref>{{cite web|date=25 September 2018|title=U Austriji održana konferencija o jeziku i nacionalizmu|trans-title=A Conference on Language and Nationalism Took Place in Austria|language=sh|url=https://www.tacno.net/kultura/u-austriji-odrzana-konferencija-o-jeziku-i-nacionalizmu/|___location=Mostar|publisher=Tačno.net|archive-date=24 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224170555/https://www.tacno.net/kultura/u-austriji-odrzana-konferencija-o-jeziku-i-nacionalizmu/|access-date=18 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=21 October 2018|title=U Pragu konferencija o jeziku|trans-title=In Prague, Language Conference|language=sh|url=https://www.tacno.net/nasi-u-svijetu/u-pragu-konferencija-o-jeziku/|___location=Mostar|publisher=Tačno.net|archive-date=24 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224170607/https://www.tacno.net/nasi-u-svijetu/u-pragu-konferencija-o-jeziku/|access-date=18 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=17 June 2018|title=U Poznanju održana debata o jezicima i identitetima|trans-title=In Poznan, a Debate on Languages and Identities Was Held|language=sh|url=https://www.tacno.net/kultura/u-poznanju-odrzana-debata-o-jezicima-i-identitetima/|___location=Mostar|publisher=Tačno.net|archive-date=24 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224170558/https://www.tacno.net/kultura/u-poznanju-odrzana-debata-o-jezicima-i-identitetima/|access-date=18 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Borba protiv nacionalizma: priznanje Snježani Kordić za osobu godine|trans-title=Fight Against Nationalism: Snježana Kordić – the Person of the Year|language=sh|url=http://ba.n1info.com/Kultura/a306670/Borba-protiv-nacionalizma-Priznanje-Snjezani-Kordic-za-osobu-godine.html|date=30 December 2018|archive-date=3 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190103233740/http://ba.n1info.com/Kultura/a306670/Borba-protiv-nacionalizma-Priznanje-Snjezani-Kordic-za-osobu-godine.html|url-status=live|___location=Sarajevo|publisher=[[N1 (TV channel)|N1]]|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> and then at the universities in Japan.<ref name="KordJapan">{{cite web|date=19 December 2018|title=U Japanu konferencije o jeziku i nacionalizmu|trans-title=In Japan, Conferences on Language and Nationalism|language=sh|url=https://www.tacno.net/kultura/u-japanu-konferencije-o-jeziku-i-nacionalizmu/|___location=Mostar|publisher=Tačno.net|archive-date=24 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224172047/https://www.tacno.net/kultura/u-japanu-konferencije-o-jeziku-i-nacionalizmu/|access-date=18 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=10 December 2018|title=Poster of the Conference in Tokyo|url=http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/jp/seminors/src/Document/2018/181210presym.pdf|___location=Tokyo|publisher=[[Waseda University]]|archive-date=25 November 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125200425/http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/jp/seminors/src/Document/2018/181210presym.pdf|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=13 December 2018|title=Poster of the Conference in Sapporo|url=http://src-home.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/sympo/2018winter/images/2018winterposter.pdf|___location=Sapporo|publisher=[[Hokkaido University]]|archive-date=28 October 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191028155330/http://src-home.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/sympo/2018winter/images/2018winterposter.pdf|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> On the occasion of the second anniversary of the ''Declaration'', two round tables were held:<ref name="Wien">{{cite web|date=25 March 2019|title=Novi Bečki dogovor?|trans-title=New Vienna Agreement?|language=sh|url=https://www.tacno.net/kultura/novi-becki-dogovor/|___location=Mostar|publisher=Tačno.net|archive-date=21 April 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421164340/https://www.tacno.net/kultura/novi-becki-dogovor/|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> in [[Vienna]] "Language and Nationalisms: Do We Understand Each Other?"<ref>{{YouTube|1mBDgUMvplM|Presentation of the Declaration in Vienna, 120 min}} {{in lang|sh}}</ref> and in Zagreb "One Language or Several Languages: Discussion on the Declaration on the Common Language", organized by the [[Students' union|Union of Student]] Associations of the [[Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb|Faculty of Philosophy in Zagreb]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Jedan jezik ili više jezika: rasprava o Deklaraciji o zajedničkom jeziku|trans-title=One Language or Several Languages: Discussion About the Declaration on the Common Language|language=sh|url=https://www.facebook.com/SavezStudentskihUdruga/videos/306274900055880|___location=Zagreb|website=Facebook |date=28 March 2019|access-date=18 June 2019}} 120 min</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=July 2019}} which later also organized a plenary lecture on the ''Declaration'' at the Faculty of Philosophy in Zagreb.<ref>{{cite web|date=26 April 2019|title=UJEDINJENI FILOZOFSKI – MOZAIK RIJEČI: Interdisciplinarni skup Saveza studenata Filozofskog fakulteta u Zagrebu |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/15IA04I2FMg4-E9Pi6XiWEzzXQnkTH7gi/view |access-date=18 June 2019 |via=Google Drive}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|date=December 2019}}

==Text and signatories==

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===Signatories===

[[File:Noam Chomsky portrait 2017.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Noam Chomsky]] has [[Signature|signed]] the ''Declaration'']]

The British [[Sociolinguistics|sociolinguist]] [[Peter Trudgill]] notes that "linguists are well represented on the list of signatories."<ref name="Trudgill">{{cite web|last=Trudgill|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Trudgill|date=30 November 2017|page=46|title=Time to Make Four into One|url=https://archive.org/details/PeterTrudgillTimeToMakeFourIntoOne2017|publisher=[[The New European]]|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> The most famous linguist "[[Noam Chomsky]] has signed the Declaration on the common language", which has been particularly resounding.<ref>{{cite web|last=Vučić|first=Nikola|title=Noam Chomsky potpisao Deklaraciju o zajedničkom jeziku|trans-title=Noam Chomsky Has Signed the Declaration on the Common Language|language=sh|url=https://ba.n1info.com/kultura/a250910-noam-chomsky-potpisao-deklaraciju-o-zajednickom-jeziku/|date=27 March 2018|archive-date=1 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501053244/http://ba.n1info.com/a250910/Vijesti/Vijesti/Noam-Chomsky-potpisao-Deklaraciju-o-zajednickom-jeziku.html|url-status=live|___location=Sarajevo|publisher=[[N1 (TV channel)|N1]]|access-date=18 June 2019}}</ref> The Declaration has been signed by "over fifty other linguists, including Anders Ahlqvist, Ronelle Alexander, Nadira Aljović, Bojan Anđelković, Boban Arsenijević, John Frederick Bailyn, Josip Baotić, Ranka Bijeljac-Babić, Ranko Bugarski, Vesna Bulatović, Daniel Bunčić, Costas Canakis, Greville Corbett, Oliver Czulo, Natalia Długosz, Ljiljana Dolamic, Nicholas Evans, Rajka Glušica, Radmila Gorup, Senahid Halilović, Camiel Hamans, Mirjana Jocić, Jagoda Jurić-Kappel, Dunja Jutronić, Dejan Karavesović, Jana Kenda, Ivan Klajn, Snježana Kordić, Svetlana Kurteš, Igor Kusin, Zineta Lagumdžija, Igor Lakić, Gordana Lalić-Krstin, Mia Mader Skender, Alisa Mahmutović, Olga Mišeska Tomić, Vladimir Miličić, Spiros Moschonas, Joachim Mugdan, Zoran Nikolovski, Miloš Okuka, Tatjana Paunović, Dušan-Vladislav Pažđerski, Mira Peter, Tanja Petrović, Enisa Pliska, Milena Podolšak, Luka Raičković, Katarina Rasulić, Marija Runić, Svenka Savić, Marko Simonović, Ljiljana Subotić, Danko Šipka, Dušanka Točanac, Neda Todorović, Aleksandar Trklja, Peter Trudgill, Mladen Uhlik, Hanka Vajzović, Vera Vasić, Elvira Veselinović, Đorđe Vidanović, Ana Ždrale, Jelena Živojinović."<!-- Do not delete the names of linguists because some deny that there are linguists among the signatories --><ref>{{cite journal|first=Snježana|last=Kordić|author-link=Snježana Kordić|title=Aldo Zanelli: ''Eine Analyse der Metaphern in der kroatischen Linguistikfachzeitschrift'' Jezik ''von 1991 bis 1997'' (book review)|url=https://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/935754.Politicka_misao_1_2018_129_133_Kordic-prikaz-Zanelli.pdf|journal=[[Politička misao]]|issn=0032-3241|oclc=1032613668|volume=55|issue=1, 2018|pages=131–132|___location=Zagreb|id={{CROSBI|935754}}. {{CEEOL|672926}}}}</ref>

Signatories of the ''Declaration'' include:

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[[Miloš Okuka]]

[[Lana Bastašić]]

[[Igor Galo]]

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* {{cite news|last=Kordić|first=Snježana|author-link=Snježana Kordić|date=30 March 2018|title=Čistoća naroda i jezika ne postoji (intervju vodila Gordana Sandić-Hadžihasanović)|newspaper=Radio Slobodna Evropa |trans-title=There is no Purity of Nation and Language (interviewed by Gordana Sandić-Hadžihasanović)|language=sh|url=https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/intervju-snjezana-kordic/29135311.html|publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]|archive-date=30 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330181126/https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/intervju-snjezana-kordic/29135311.html|url-status=live|___location=Prague|access-date=18 June 2019|id={{CROSBI|935824}}}}

* {{cite web|last=Kordić|first=Snježana|author-link=Snježana Kordić|title=Deklaracija ruši i posljednji tabu (intervju vodila Maja Abadžija)|trans-title=The Declaration Breaks Down the Last Taboo (interviewed by Maja Abadžija)|language=sh|url=http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/935790.Intervju-Oslobodjenje-2018.JPG|publisher=[[Oslobođenje]]|pages=18–19|___location=Sarajevo|issn=0351-3904|date=26 February 2018|archive-date=7 August 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180807125045/http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/935790.Intervju-Oslobodjenje-2018.JPG|url-status=live|access-date=18 June 2019|id={{CROSBI|935790}}}} [https://www.oslobodjenje.ba/o2/kultura/deklaracija-rusi-i-posljednji-tabu Alt URL]

*{{cite web |last=Kordić |first=Snježana |authorlink=Snježana Kordić |date=24 August 2018 |title=Kratke noge laži (odgovor Borisu Budenu) |trans-title=Short Legs of Lies (reply to Boris Buden) |language=sh|url=http://slobodnifilozofski.com/2018/08/kratke-noge-lazi-odgovor-borisu-budenu.html |publisher=Slobodni Filozofski |___location=Zagreb |id={{CROSBI|951612}} |archive-date=26 August 2018|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/71xbBOs7u?url=http://slobodnifilozofski.com/2018/08/kratke-noge-lazi-odgovor-borisu-budenu.html |url-status=live |accessdate=8 October 2019}}

* {{cite book|last=Kordić|first=Snježana|authorlink=Snježana Kordić|title=Njegoševi dani 7: zbornik radova s međunarodnog naučnog skupa, Kotor 30.8.-3.9.2017|publisher=Univerzitet Crne Gore, Filološki fakultet|pages=145–152|language=sh|chapter=Reakcije na Deklaraciju o zajedničkom jeziku|trans-chapter=Reactions to the Declaration on the common language|chapter-url=http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/1019779.REAKCIJE_NA_DEKLARACIJU.PDF|url-status=live|___location=Nikšić|year=2019|isbn=978-86-7798-062-7|s2cid=231517900|ssrn=3452730|id={{CROSBI|1019779}}|archivedate=27 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927141935/http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/1019779.REAKCIJE_NA_DEKLARACIJU.PDF|access-date=28 September 2019}}

* {{cite web|last=Krajišnik|first=Đorđe|date=18 April 2017|title=Zašto ciče bardovi nacional-lingvistike|trans-title=Why do the Bards of National-Linguistics Squall?|language=sh|url=http://www.xxzmagazin.com/zasto-cice-bardovi-nacional-lingvistike|publisher=XXZ regionalni portal|archive-date=21 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421093139/http://www.xxzmagazin.com/zasto-cice-bardovi-nacional-lingvistike|url-status=live|___location=Belgrade|access-date=18 June 2019}}