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'''''Structural Equations with Latent Variables''''' is a [[statistics]] textbook authored by [[Kenneth Bollen]] and published in 1989. It aims to provide a framework for understanding and applying [[structural equation modeling]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Jöreskog|first=Karl G.|authorlink=Karl Gustav Jöreskog|title=Structural Equation Modeling with Ordinal Variables|journal=Lecture Notes-Monograph Series|series=Institute of Mathematical Statistics Lecture Notes - Monograph Series|volume=24|year=1994|pages=297{{ndash}}310|doi=10.1214/lnms/1215463803|jstor=4355811|isbn=0-940600-35-8|quote=The basic ideas and methods of structural equation models are explained in Bollen (1989).|doi-access=free }}</ref> It is commonly used in graduate-level courses that focus on structural equation modeling within the social sciences.
''Structural Equations with Latent Variables'' explores various topics in the statistics field, covering measurement validity and reliability, overall fit indices, model identification, causality, and the statistical software package [[LISREL]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Bollen|first=Kenneth A.|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781118619179|title=Structural Equations with Latent Variables: Bollen/Structural Equations with Latent Variables|date=1989-04-28|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=978-1-118-61917-9|___location=Hoboken, NJ, USA|language=en|doi=10.1002/9781118619179|access-date=August 13, 2023|archive-date=August 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230813115227/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118619179|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=APA PsycNet|url=https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-97716-000|access-date=2022-08-26|website=psycnet.apa.org|language=en|archive-date=April 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407150401/https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-97716-000|url-status=live}}</ref>
The book focuses on the examination of covariances rather than individual cases.<ref name=":0"/>
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