Human-centered computing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 21:21, 10 December 2023

Revision as of 22:01, 10 December 2023

Line 40:

In addition, Kling et al. defines four dimensions of human-centeredness that should be taken into account when classifying a system: &nbsp;systems that are human centered must analyze the complexity of the targeted social organization, and the varied social units that structure work and information; &nbsp;human centeredness is not an attribute of systems, but a process in which the stakeholder group of a particular system assists in evaluating the benefit of the system; the basic architecture of the system should reflect a realistic relationship between humans and machines; &nbsp;the purpose and audience the system is designed for should be an explicit part of the design, evaluation, and use of the system.<ref name=":0" />

== Human-Centered Computing and Human Computer Interaction ==

Within the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), there is a commonly used term known as "user-centered." The main focus of this approach is to thoroughly understand and address user needs to drive the design process. However, it's important to note that Human-Centered Computing (HCC) goes beyond conventional areas like usability engineering, human-computer interaction, and human factors which primarily deal with user interfaces and interactions. Experts define HCC as a discipline that integrates disciplines such as learning sciences, social sciences, cognitive sciences, and intelligent systems more extensively compared to traditional HCI practices.

The concept of Human-Centered Computing (HCC) is regarded as an essential aspect within the realm of computer-related research, extending beyond being just a subset discipline of computer science. The HCC perspective acknowledges that "computing" encompasses tangible technologies that enable diverse tasks while also serving as a significant social and economic influence.

In addition, Dertouzos elaborates on how HCC goes beyond the notion of interfaces that are easy for users to navigate by strategically incorporating five technologies: natural interaction, automation, personalized information retrieval, collaborative capabilities, and customization.

While the scope of HCC is extensive, three fundamental factors are proposed to constitute the core of HCC system and algorithm design processes:

# Social and culturally aware considerations.

# Direct augmentation and/or consideration of human abilities.

# Adaptability is a key feature.

Adherence to these factors in system and algorithm design for HCC applications is anticipated to yield qualities such as:

# Responsive actions aligned with the social and cultural context of deployment.

# Integration of input from various sensors, with communication through diverse media as output.

# Accessibility for a diverse range of individuals.

== Human-centered activities in multimedia ==

Line 47 ⟶ 66:

=== Multimedia production ===

Multimedia production is the human task of creating media.<ref>{{Cite book|pages = 855–864|doi = 10.1145/1180639.1180829|year = 2006|last1 = Jaimes|first1 = Alejandro|last2 = Sebe|first2 = Nicu|last3 = Gatica-Perez|first3 = Daniel| title=Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimedia | chapter=Human-centered computing |isbn = 978-1595934475|s2cid = 4412002}}</ref> For instance, photographing, recording audio, remixing, etc. It is important that allAll aspects of media production concerned shouldmust directly involve humans in HCM. There are two main characteristics of multimedia production. The first is culture and social factors. HCM production systems should consider cultural differences and be designed according to the culture in which they will be deployed. The second is to consider human abilities. Participants involved in HCM production should be able to complete the activities during the production process. The field of Multimedia in Human-Centered Multimedia (HCM) is dedicated to the creation and development of various forms of media, including photography, audio recording, and remixing. What sets HCM apart is its emphasis on active human involvement throughout the production process. This means that cultural differences must be taken into account to tailor HCM systems according to specific cultural contexts. Furthermore, a key factor for achieving success in HCM production lies in recognizing and utilizing human capabilities effectively; this enables active participation and ensures efficient completion of all production activities.

=== Multimedia analysis ===

Multimedia analysis can be considered as a type of HCM applications which is the automatic analysis of human activities and social behavior in general. There is a broad area of potential relevant uses from facilitating and enhancing human communications, to allowing for improved information access and retrieval in the professional, entertainment, and personal domains. The field of Multimedia Analysis in Human-Centered Multimedia (HCM), involves automatically analyzing human activities and social behavior. This application area covers a wide range of domains, including improving communication between individuals and enhancing information access in professional, entertainment, and personal contexts. The possibilities for utilizing multimedia analysis are extensive, as it goes beyond simple categorization to achieve a nuanced understanding of human behavior. By doing so, system functionalities can be enhanced while providing users with improved experiences.

=== Multimedia interaction ===