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* In 2004, the world’s first tidal-stream turbine was connected to an electricity grid, the Hammerfest Strøm HS300, located in the waters of [[Kvalsundet]], Finnmark, Norway.<ref name=":0">{{Cite report |url=https://www.andritz.com/resource/blob/31444/cf15d27bc23fd59db125229506ec87c7/hy-hammerfest-data.pdf |title=Renewable energy from tidal currents |last=ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest |date= |page=7 |access-date=2023-12-20}}</ref>
* In May 2008, OpenHydro was the first tidal turbine connected to the [[National Grid (Great Britain)|National Grid]] in Great Britain. The 250 kW device was tested in the Fall of Warness, [[Eday]], Orkney.<ref>{{Cite web |title=OpenHydro turbine connected to UK grid |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/openhydro-turbine-connected-to-uk-grid-1.1215519 |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref>
* In August 2016, Nova Innovation installed a second 100 kW turbine in the [[Bluemull Sound]], Shetland, creating the worlds first tidal array.<ref name=":3">{{cite web |title=World first for Shetlands in tidal power breakthrough |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/29/world-first-for-shetlands-in-tidal-power-breakthrough |accessdate=8 September 2016 |work=the Guardian}}</ref>
* In 2016, a dedicated pre-consented site for testing tidal stream turbines was set up at the [[European Marine Energy Centre]], to simplify the process for developers.
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In November 2003, Hammerfest Strøm installed their '''HS300''' turbine in [[Kvalsundet]], Norway.<ref name=":1">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kvalsundet tidevannskraftverk |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |___location=Oslo |url=http://snl.no/Kvalsundet_tidevannskraftverk |last=Askheim |first=Svein |editor-last=Godal |editor-first=Anne Marit |editor-link=Anne Marit Godal |language=Norwegian |accessdate=2023-12-20}}</ref> This 300 kW prototype was a 20 m diameter three-bladed horizontal-axis turbine. It sat on a monopile foundation in 50 m deep water. It was connected to the grid in 2014, and operated for over 16,000 hours before it was decommissioned in 2011 and removed in 2012.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Kvalsund Tidal Turbine Prototype {{!}} Tethys |url=https://tethys.pnnl.gov/project-sites/kvalsund-tidal-turbine-prototype |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=tethys.pnnl.gov}}</ref>
A more powerful 1MW device was then tested at EMEC from 2012. The '''HS1000''' was also a 20 m diameter three-bladed horizontal-axis turbine, installed at the Fall of Warness test site in December 2011.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |date=2011-12-26 |title=Giant tidal device set for tests off Orkney |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-16327617 |access-date=2023-12-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.ren21.net/Portals/0/documents/Resources/GSR2012_low%20res_FINAL.pdf |title=Renewables 2012 Global Status Report |last=REN21 |date=June 2012 |page=46 |access-date=2023-12-20}}</ref>
Three Andritz Hydro Hammerfest '''AH1000 MK1''' turbines were installed as part of phase 1 of the [[MeyGen]] project in 2016. These turbines are still three-bladed, but with an 18 m diameter rotor and each rated at 1.5 MW.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MeyGen |url=http://saerenewables.com/tidal-stream/meygen/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=SAE Renewables |language=en-GB}}</ref>
'''Magallanes Renovables, S.L'''. is a Spanish developer of floating tidal energy devices, set up in 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Magallanes Renovables: Unlocking energy from tidal power |url=https://www.magallanesrenovables.com/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=Magallanes Renovables |language=en-US}}</ref>
Their second-generation 1.5 MW{{NoteTag|Some sources quote the rated power as 2 MW}} '''ATIR''' device has two three-bladed counter-rotating 19 m diameter rotors at either end of a common driveshaft, mounted below the 45 m long hull.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Díaz‐Dorado |first=Eloy |last2=Carrillo |first2=Camilo |last3=Cidras |first3=Jose |last4=Román |first4=David |last5=Grande |first5=Javier |date=2021-01-21 |title=Performance evaluation and modelling of the Atir marine current turbine |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/rpg2.12071 |journal=IET Renewable Power Generation |language=en |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=821–838 |doi=10.1049/rpg2.12071 |issn=1752-1416}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Magallanes Renovables ATIR at EMEC {{!}} Tethys |url=https://tethys.pnnl.gov/project-sites/magallanes-renovables-atir-emec |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=tethys.pnnl.gov}}</ref> It was constructed in Spain in the [[Ria de Vigo]] and launched in 2017 followed by a period of tow testing. The device was then towed to Orkney where it was deployed at the Fall of Warness and grid-connected in 2019. In 2020, it was towed to Edinburgh for maintenance, before returning to site in April 2021.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=23 April 2021 |title=Magallanes tidal unit reinstalled at EMEC |url=https://renews.biz/68108/magallanes-tidal-unit-reinstalled-at-emec/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=ReNEWS.biz}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Marthinsen |first=Stig |title=Magallanes reinstall ATIR tidal turbine at EMEC, Interreg VB North Sea Region Programme |url=https://northsearegion.eu/periscope/news/magallanes-reinstall-atir-tidal-turbine-at-emec/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=northsearegion.eu |language=}}</ref>
The company previously tested a smaller scale version of the ATIR device at the [[European Marine Energy Centre|EMEC]] nursery test site in Shapinsay Sound.<ref name=":8" /> This was not grid-connected.
=== Nova Innovation ===
{{See also|Draft:Nova Innovation}}
'''Nova Innovation Ltd''' is an [[Edinburgh]]-based developer of small tidal-stream turbines. They have operated an array of up-to 6 of their 100 kW turbines in the [[Bluemull Sound]], Shetland since 2016.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=31 January 2023 |title=Shetland Tidal Array becomes world leader |url=https://renews.biz/83490/nova-innovation-adds-two-more-turbines-to-tidal-array/ |access-date=25 November 2023 |website=ReNEWS}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2023-02-28 |title=Nova looking to decommission older tidal turbines |url=https://www.shetnews.co.uk/2023/02/28/nova-looking-to-decommission-older-tidal-turbines/ |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=Shetland News |language=en-GB}}</ref>
=== Orbital Marine Power ===
{{See also|Orbital O2}}
'''Orbital Marine Power Ltd''' is an [[Orkney]]-based developer of floating tidal stream turbines that have twin rotors either side of a long tubular hull. Their third-generation turbine, the 2 MW [[Orbital O2]] has been deployed at the Fall of Warness since 2021.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Orbital Marine Power : EMEC: European Marine Energy Centre |url=https://www.emec.org.uk/about-us/our-tidal-clients/orbital-marine-power/ |access-date=2023-12-03 |language=en}}</ref> The company was founded in 2002 as Scotrenewables Tidal Power Ltd, but rebranded in 2019.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=2019-04-30 |title=Orbital Marine Power going with the ebb and flow |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/business_hq/17608237.orbital-marine-power-going-ebb-flow/ |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=The Herald |language=en}}</ref>
== List of grid-connected tidal stream generators ==
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|1.2
|{{flag|UK}}, {{flagu|Northern Ireland}}
|[[Strangford Lough|Strangford Narrows]]
|
|2008-12
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|Orbital, SR250
|0.25
| rowspan="
{{Flagu|Scotland}}
|EMEC
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|2012-02
|2015-01
|<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" />
|-
|Nova Innovation, M100
|0.1
|[[Bluemull Sound]], Shetland
|{{Coord|60|41|59.6|N|0|58|58.1|W}}
|2016-03
|2023-06
|<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" />
|-
|Nova Innovation, M100
|0.1
|Bluemull Sound, Shetland
|{{Coord|60|41|59.6|N|0|58|58.1|W}}
|2016-07
|2023-06
|<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" />
|-
|Orbital, SR2000
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|2016-10
|2018-08
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|Andritz Hydro Hammerfest, HS1000 Mk1 ×3
|1.5
|Meygen
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|
|-
|SIMEC Atlantis, AR1500
|1.5
|Meygen
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|0.1
|Bluemull Sound, Shetland
|{{Coord|60|41|59.6|N|0|58|58.1|W}}
|2017-07
|2023-06
|
|-
|Magallanes Renovables, ATIR
|
|EMEC
|{{coord|59|8|29.08|N|2|49|6.5|W|}}
|2019-02 {{NoteTag|Off-site from 2020-01 to 2021-04}}
|Operational
|<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|Nova Innovation, M100-D
|0.1
|Bluemull Sound, Shetland
|{{Coord|60|41|59.6|N|0|58|58.1|W}}
|2020-10
|Operational
|<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |last=Garanovic |first=Amir |date=2020-10-16 |title=Nova Innovation adds 4th turbine to Shetland tidal array |url=https://www.offshore-energy.biz/nova-innovation-adds-fourth-turbine-to-shetland-tidal-array/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Offshore Energy |language=en-US}}</ref>
▲|Magallanes Renovables, ATIR
|-
|Orbital, [[Orbital O2|O2]]
|2
|EMEC
|{{coord|59|8|39.48|N|2|48|55.68|W|}}
|2021-10
|Operational
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|Nova Innovation, M100-D x2
|0.1
|Bluemull Sound, Shetland
|{{Coord|60|41|59.6|N|0|58|58.1|W}}
|2023-01
|Operational
|<ref name=":23">{{Cite web |date=31 January 2023 |title=Shetland Tidal Array becomes world leader |url=https://renews.biz/83490/nova-innovation-adds-two-more-turbines-to-tidal-array/ |access-date=25 November 2023 |website=ReNEWS}}</ref>
|}
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