Abraham Mapu: differenze tra le versioni

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Versione delle 08:13, 6 giu 2021

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<!-- '''Abraham Mapu''' (1808 in [[Vilijampolė]], [[Kaunas]]{{snd}}1867 in [[Königsberg]], Prussia) was a [[Lithuanian Jews|Lithuanian]] novelist. -->

He wroteScriveva in [[HebrewLingua ebraica|ebraico]] ascome partparte ofdel themovimento [[Haskalah]] (enlightenment)[[Illuminismo movementebraico|illuminismo]]). HisI suoi novelsromanzi, withcon theirle livelyloro plotstrame encompassingvivaci heroismche comprendono eroismo, adventureavventura ande romanticamore loveromantico in Biblicalcontesti settingsbiblici, contributedhanno tocontribuito theall'ascesa rise of thedel [[ZionismSionismo|Zionistmovimento sionista]] movement.<ref name=Patterson2007-p506>{{Citation | title = Mapu, Abraham | url = http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX2587513220&v=2.1&u=new27191&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w | year = 2007 | author = Patterson, David | journal = Encyclopaedia Judaica | edition= 2nd | pages = 505–507; here p. 506 | volume = 13

| quote=By fostering pride in the national past and focusing attention on the land of Israel, Mapu provided an emotional stimulus for generations of young readers. Indeed, the contribution of his novels to the rise of the Jewish national movement from which Zionism later emerged must be regarded as an important factor in modern Jewish history. | accessdate = 2013-08-15}}</ref>

==BiographyBiografia==

Born into a [[Jewish]] family, as a child Mapu studied in a [[cheder]] where his father served as a teacher. He married in 1825.

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He returned in 1848 to [[Kaunas]] and self-published his first historical novel, ''Ahavat Zion.'' This is considered one of the first [[Hebrew]] novels. He began work on it in 1830 but completed it only in 1853. Unable to fully subsist on his book sales, he relied on the support of his brother, Matisyahu. In 1867 he moved to [[Königsberg]] due to illness, published his last book, ''Amon Pedagogue'' (''Amon'' means something like [[Mentor]]), and died there.

==Valutazione critica==

==Evaluation==

Mapu is considered the first [[Hebrew]] novelist.{{Citation needed|date=May 2017}} Influenced by French [[Romanticism]], he wrote intricately plotted stories about life in [[ancient Israel]], which he contrasted favorably with 19th-century Jewish life. His style is fresh and poetic, almost [[Hebrew Bible|Biblical]] in its simple grandeur.{{Editorializing|date=November 2019}}

==LegacyEredità==

The romantic-nationalistic ideas in his novels later inspired [[David Ben-Gurion]]{{citation needed|date=July 2016|reason=no mention of Ben-Gurion in the one cited source, Patterson}} and others active in the leadership of the modern [[Zionism|Zionist movement]] that led to the establishment of the state of [[Israel]]. The American Hebrew poet, [[Gabriel Preil]], references Mapu in one of his works, and focuses on the two writers' native Lithuania.

[[File:Stamp of Israel - Abraham Mapu.jpg|thumb|upright|Israeli postal stamp, 1968]]

== NovelsRomanzi ==

* ''[[Ahavat Zion]]'' (1853) (''Amnon, Prince and Peasant'' as translated by F. Jaffe in 1887)

* ''[[Ayit Tzavua]]'' (1858) (''Hypocrite Eagle'')

* ''[[Ashmat Shomron]]'' (1865) (''Guilt of Samaria'')

== CommemorationsCommemorazioni ==

Streets bearing his name are found in the [[Old Town (Kaunas)|Kaunas Old Town]] and in the [[Israel]]i cities of [[Jerusalem]], [[Tel Aviv]], and [[Kiriat Ata]]. A well-known Israeli novel called "The Children from Mapu Street" ("הילדים מרחוב מאפו") also celebrates his name. In Kaunas A. Mapu street a joyful statue of A. Mapu with a book in his hand was established by the sculpture Martynas Gaubas in 2019.