Data processing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 20:02, 28 April 2024

Revision as of 18:00, 1 May 2024

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* [[Data validation|Validation]] – Ensuring that supplied data is correct and relevant.

* [[Sorting]] – "arranging items in some sequence and/or in different sets."

* [[Summary statistic|Summarization (statistical)]] or [[Automatic summarization|(automatic)]] – reducing detailed data to its main points.

* [[Aggregate data|Aggregation]] – combining multiple pieces of data.

* [[Statistical analysis|Analysis]] – the "collection, [[organization]], analysis, interpretation and presentation of data."

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In science and engineering, the terms ''data processing'' and ''[[information system]]s'' are considered too broad, and the term ''data processing'' is typically used for the initial stage followed by a [[data analysis]] in the second stage of the overall data handling.

Data analysis uses specialized [[algorithm]]s and [[statistical]] calculations that are less often observed in a typical general business environment. For data analysis, software suites like [[SPSS]] or [[SAS (software)|SAS]], or their free counterparts such as [[DAP (software)|DAP]], [[gretl]], or [[PSPP]] are often used.

==Systems==

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====Simple example====

A very simple example of a data processing system is the process of maintaining a check register. Transactions— checks and deposits— are recorded as they occur and the transactions are summarized to determine a current balance. Monthly the data recorded in the register is reconciled with a hopefully identical list of transactions processed by the bank.

A more sophisticated record keeping system might further identify the transactions— for example deposits by source or checks by type, such as charitable contributions. This information might be used to obtain information like the total of all contributions for the year.

The important thing about this example is that it is a ''system'', in which, all transactions are recorded consistently, and the same method of bank reconciliation is used each time.

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== See also ==

* [[Computational science|Scientific computing]]

*[[Big data]]

*[[Computation]]

*[[Computer science]]

*[[Decision-making software]]

*[[Information Age]]

*[[Information and communications technology]]

*[[Information technology]]

*[[ComputerComputational science|Scientific computing]]

== Notes ==

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== Further reading ==

*Bourque, Linda B.; Clark, Virginia A. (1992) ''Processing Data: The Survey Example''. (Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, no. 07-085). Sage[[SAGE Publications]]. {{ISBN|0-8039-4741-0}}

*Levy, Joseph (1967) ''[http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/Training/Levy_Punched_Card_Data_Processing_1967.pdf Punched Card Data Processing]''. [[McGraw-Hill Book Company]].

{{Data}}