Introduction to M-theory: Difference between revisions

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In the 1980s, a new mathematical model of [[theoretical physics]], called [[string theory]], emerged. It showed how all the different subatomic particles known to science could be constructed by hypothetical one-dimensional "strings", infinitesimal building-blocks that have only the dimension of length, but not height or width. These strings vibrate in multiple dimensions and, depending on how they vibrate, they might be seen in three-dimensional space as matter, light or gravity. In string theory, every form of matter is said to be the result of the vibration of strings.

However, for string theory to be mathematically consistent, the strings must belive in a universe ofwith ten [[dimension]]s. ThisString theory opposesexplains our perception of the universe to have four dimensions: (three space dimensions (height, width, and length) and one time dimension. String theorists explained the fact that only 4 dimensions are perceived, as opposed to ten,) by sayingimagining that the extra six dimensions wereare "curled up", to be so small that they could notcan't be observed day-to-day. The technical term for this is ''[[Compactification (physics)|compactification]].'' Physicists speculated that the compactified dimensions took the shape of mathematical objects called [[Calabi–Yau manifold]]s.

Five major string theories were developed and found to be mathematically consistent with the principle of all matter being made of strings. Having five different versions of string theory was seen as a puzzle.