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→Micro-operations: That begins with the P6 (which dates back almost 20 years, so "modern" isn't all that modern).
→Micro-operations: Give the Nx586, Pentium Pro, and AMD K5 as the earliest examples of "dynamically decode to uops" processors.
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==Micro-operations==
Modern CISC implementations, such as the [[x86]] family starting with the [[P6NexGen]] microarchitectureNx586, Intel [[Pentium Pro]], and [[AMD K5]]. decode instructions into dynamically buffered [[micro-operation]]s with an instruction encoding similar to RISC or traditional microcode. A hardwired instruction decode unit directly emits microoperations for common x86 instructions, but falls back to a more traditional microcode ROM containing microoperations for more complex or rarely used instructions.<ref name=FogMicro/>
 
For example, an x86 might look up microoperations from microcode to handle complex multistep operations such as loop or string instructions, [[floating-point unit]] [[transcendental function]]s or unusual values such as [[denormal number]]s, and special-purpose instructions such as [[CPUID]].
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