Random-access memory: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 20:01, 1 September 2024

Revision as of 18:04, 3 September 2024

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Non-volatile RAM has also been developed<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Gallagher|first=Sean|title=Memory that never forgets: non-volatile DIMMs hit the market|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/memory-that-never-forgets-non-volatile-dimms-hit-the-market/|magazine=[[Ars Technica]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708073138/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/memory-that-never-forgets-non-volatile-dimms-hit-the-market/|archive-date=July 8, 2017|date=April 4, 2013}}</ref> and other types of [[Non-volatile memory|non-volatile memories]] allow random access for read operations, but either do not allow write operations or have other kinds of limitations. These include most types of [[read-only memory|ROM]] and [[NOR flash memory]].

The use of semiconductor RAM dates back to 1965 when IBM introduced the monolithic (single-chip) 16-bit SP95 SRAM chip for their [[IBM System/360|System/360 Model 95]] computer, and [[Toshiba]] used discrete DRAM memory cells for its 180-bit Toscal BC-1411 [[electronic calculator]], both based on [[bipolar transistor]]s. While it offered higher speeds than [[magnetic-core memory]], bipolar DRAM could not compete with the lower price of the then-dominant magnetic-core memory.<ref>{{cite web |title=1966: Semiconductor RAMs Serve High-speed Storage Needs |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/semiconductor-rams-serve-high-speed-storage-needs/ |website=Computer History Museum}}</ref> Memory based on MOS transistors, was developed in the late 1960s and was the basis for all early commercial semiconductor memory. The first commercial DRAM IC chip, the 1K [[Intel 1103]], was introduced in October 1970. [[Synchronous dynamic random-access memory]] (SDRAM) later debuted with the [[Samsung Electronics|Samsung]] KM48SL2000 chip in 1992.

==History==