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[[File:Fusiform gyrus animation.gif|thumb|The fusiform gyrus is the hypothetical ___location of V4α, a secondary area for colour processing. More: [[Colour centre]]]]
'''Visual area V4''' is one of the visual areas in the [[extrastriate]] visual cortex. In [[Rhesus macaque|macaques]], it is located anterior to V2 and posterior to the [[Inferior temporal gyrus|posterior inferotemporal area (PIT)]]. It comprises at least four regions (left and right V4d, left and right V4v), and some groups report that it contains rostral and caudal subdivisions as well. It is unknown whether the human V4 is as expansive as that of the macaque [[homology (biology)|homologue]].
V4 is the third cortical area in the [[Two-streams hypothesis#Ventral stream|ventral stream]], receiving strong feedforward input from V2 and sending strong connections to the [[Inferior temporal gyrus|PIT]]. It also receives direct input from V1, especially for central space. In addition, it has weaker connections to V5 and the [[Angular gyrus|dorsal prelunate gyrus]] (DP).
V4 is the first area in the [[Two-streams hypothesis#Ventral stream|ventral stream]] to show strong attentional modulation. Most studies indicate that [[selective attention]] can change firing rates in V4 by about 20%. A seminal paper by Moran and Desimone characterizing these effects was the first paper to find attention effects anywhere in the visual cortex.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Moran J, Desimone R | title = Selective attention gates visual processing in the extrastriate cortex | journal = Science | volume = 229 | issue = 4715 | pages = 782–784 | date = August 1985 | pmid = 4023713 | doi = 10.1126/science.4023713 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.308.6038 | bibcode = 1985Sci...229..782M }}</ref>
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