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[[David Em]] was the first fine artist to create navigable virtual worlds, in the 1970s.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Metaplasticity in Virtual Worlds: Aesthetics and Semantic Concepts|last=Mura|first=Gianluca|publisher=Information Science Reference|year=2011|isbn=978-1-60960-077-8|___location=Hershey, PA|page=203}}</ref> His early work was done on mainframes at [[Information International, Inc.]], [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]], and [[California Institute of Technology]]. [[Jeffrey Shaw]] with ''Legible City'' in 1988 and [[Matt Mullican]] with ''Five into One'' in 1991, were among the first to exhibit elaborate VR artworks.
''Virtopia'' was the first VR artwork to premiere at a film festival. Created by artist and researcher [[Jacquelyn Ford Morie]] with researcher [[Mike Goslin]], it debuted at the 1992 [[Florida Film Festival]]. A more developed version of the project appeared at the 1993 Florida Film Festival.<ref>Goslin, M and Morie, J F (1996) Virtopia: Emotional Experiences in Virtual Environments with Mike Goslin. Leonardo Journal, Vol 29, no. 2, 1996. MIT Press.</ref><ref>Reichhardt, Tony (1994) Virtual Worlds without End. American Way Magazine, 27 (22). November 1994</ref> Other artists to explore the early artistic potential of VR through the 1990s include [[Jeffrey Shaw]], [[Ulrike Gabriel]], [[Char Davies]], [[Maurice Benayoun]], [[Knowbotic Research]], [[Rebecca Allen (artist)|Rebecca Allen]] and [[Perry Hoberman]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.digitalartarchive.at/nc/home.html|title=Home - ADA | Archive of Digital Art|website=www.digitalartarchive.at|date=3 December 2023 }}</ref>
The first Canadian virtual reality film festival was the [[FIVARS Festival of International Virtual & Augmented Reality Stories]], founded in 2015 by [[Keram Malicki-Sánchez]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/a-and-e/entertainment/inside-canada-s-first-virtual-reality-film-festival/article/444210|title=Digital Journal: Inside Canada's first virtual-reality film festival|date=2015-09-18|access-date=5 November 2017}}</ref> In 2016, the first Polish VR program, ''The Abakanowicz Art Room'' was realized – it documented the art office of [[Magdalena Abakanowicz]], made by [[Jarosław Pijarowski]] and Paweł Komorowski.<ref name="Information about The Abakanowicz Art Room">{{cite web|url=http://www.kulturalna.warszawa.pl/wydarzenia,1,168854.html?locale=pl_PL&b=1|title=Information about The Abakanowicz Art Room|website=kulturalna.warszawa.pl|access-date=22 January 2017}}</ref> Some museums have begun making some of their content virtual reality accessible including the [[British Museum]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mw2016.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/virtual-reality-at-the-british-museum-what-is-the-value-of-virtual-reality-environments-for-learning-by-children-and-young-people-schools-and-families/|title=Virtual reality at the British Museum: What is the value of virtual reality environments for learning by children and young people, schools, and families? | MW2016: Museums and the Web 2016}}</ref> and the [[Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum|Guggenheim]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.guggenheim.org/blogs/checklist/extending-the-museum-experience-with-virtual-reality|title=Extending the Museum Experience with Virtual Reality|date=18 March 2016}}</ref>
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