Small-angle approximation: Difference between revisions

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I don't think it's necessary to directly include the title in the first sentence here, per MOS:BOLDAVOID
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[[File:Kleinwinkelnaeherungen.png|thumb|upright=1.5|Approximately equal behavior of some (trigonometric) functions for {{math|''x'' → 0}}]]
 
TheFor '''small- [[angle approximations''' can be used to approximate]]s, the values of the main [[trigonometric functions]] sine, providedcosine, thatand thetangent anglecan inbe questioncalculated iswith smallreasonable andaccuracy isby measuredthe infollowing [[radian]]ssimple approximations:
 
:<math>
\begin{align}
\sin \theta &\approx \tan \theta \approx \theta, \\[5mu]
\cos \theta &\approx 1 - \tfrac12\theta^2 \approx 1.,
\end{align}
</math>
 
provided the angle is measured in [[radian]]s. Angles measured in [[degree (angle)|degrees]] must first be converted to radians by multiplying them by {{tmath|\pi/180}}.
 
These approximations have a wide range of uses in branches of [[physics]] and [[engineering]], including [[mechanics]], [[electromagnetics|electromagnetism]], [[optics]], [[cartography]], [[astronomy]], and [[computer science]].<ref name="Holbrow2010" /><ref name="Plesha2012"/> One reason for this is that they can greatly simplify [[differential equation]]s that do not need to be answered with absolute precision.