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| doi = 10.1109/TNS.1985.4334153
| s2cid = 41784649
}}</ref> In 1994, a coil shape which provided the required field with no iron was derived.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Superconducting magnet design for Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient (FFAG) Accelerator|journal=IEEE Transactions on Magnetics|volume=30|issue=4|pages=2620–2623|date=July 1994|first1=M.|last1= Abdelsalam|first2= R.|last2= Kustom|doi=10.1109/20.305816|bibcode=1994ITM....30.2620A|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404050/}}</ref> This magnet design was continued by S. Martin ''et al.'' from [[Jülich]].<ref name=FFAGopts/><ref>{{cite journal|author=S. A. Martin|display-authors=etal|title=FFAG Studies for a 5 MW Neutron Source|journal=International Collaboration on Advanced Neutron Sources
In 2010, after the workshop on FFA accelerators in [[Kyoto]], the construction of the [[EMMA (accelerator)|Electron Machine with Many Applications]] (EMMA) was completed at [[Daresbury Laboratory]], [[UK]]. This was the first non-scaling FFA accelerator. Non-scaling FFAs are often advantageous to scaling FFAs because large and heavy magnets are avoided and the beam is much better controlled.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/P1251-cd/papers/65.pdf|title=Non-Scaling Fixed Field Gradient Accelerator (FFAG) Design for the Proton and Carbon Therapy|author=D. Trbojevic, E. Keil, A. Sessler|access-date=12 February 2017}}</ref>
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