Object-oriented programming: Difference between revisions

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During the late 1970s and 1980s, object-oriented programming rose to prominence. The [[Flavors (programming language)|Flavors]] object-oriented Lisp was developed starting 1979, introducing [[multiple inheritance]] and [[mixins]].<ref>{{cite conference |last1=Moon |first1=David A. |author-link1=David A. Moon |date=June 1986 |title=Object-Oriented Programming with Flavors |book-title=Conference proceedings on Object-oriented Programming Systems Languages and Applications |pages=1–8 |isbn=978-0-89791-204-4 |conference=[[OOPSLA]] '86 |doi=10.1145/28697.28698 |s2cid=17150741 |url=https://www.cs.tufts.edu/comp/150FP/archive/david-moon/flavors.pdf |access-date=2022-03-17}}</ref> In 1981, Goldberg edited the August issue of [[Byte Magazine]], introducing Smalltalk and object-oriented programming to a wide audience.<ref>{{cite news |title=Introducing the Smalltalk Zoo |url=https://computerhistory.org/blog/introducing-the-smalltalk-zoo-48-years-of-smalltalk-history-at-chm/ |work=CHM |date=17 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref> LOOPS, the object system for [[Interlisp]]-D, was influenced by Smalltalk and Flavors, and a paper about it was published in 1982.<ref>{{cite conference | title=LOOPS: data and object oriented Programming for Interlisp|date=1982|conference=European AI Conference|last1=Bobrow|first1=D. G.|last2=Stefik|first2=M. J|url=https://www.markstefik.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/1982-Bobrow-Stefik-Data-Object-Pgming.pdf}}</ref> In 1986, the [[Association for Computing Machinery]] organized the first ''Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications'' (OOPSLA), which was attended by 1,000 people. Among other developments was the [[Common Lisp Object System]], which integrates functional programming and object-oriented programming and allows extension via a [[Meta-object protocol]]. In the 1980s, there were a few attempts to design [[Processor design|processor architectures]] that included [[Computer hardware|hardware]] support for objects in [[Computer memory|memory]] but these were not successful. Examples include the [[Intel iAPX 432]] and the [[Linn Products|Linn Smart]] [[Rekursiv]].

In the mid-1980s [[Objective-C]] was developed by [[Brad Cox]], who had used Smalltalk at [[ITT Inc.]]. [[Bjarne Stroustrup]], who had used Simula for his PhD thesis, created the object-oriented [[C++]].<ref name="Bertrand Meyer 2009 329"/> In 1985, [[Bertrand Meyer]] also produced the first design of the [[Eiffel language]]. Focused on software quality, Eiffel is a purely object-oriented programming language and a notation supporting the entire software lifecycle. Meyer described the Eiffel software development method, based on a small number of key ideas from software engineering and computer science, in [[Object-Oriented Software Construction]].{{sfn|Meyer|1997}} Essential to the quality focus of Eiffel is Meyer's reliability mechanism, [[design by contract]], which is an integral part of both the method and language.