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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180117151300/https://books.google.com/books?id=YVi8HVN-APwC&lpg=PA27&dq=computer%20buss%20-sam&pg=PA27#v=onepage&q=computer%20buss%20-sam&f=false
|archive-date = January 17, 2018
}}</ref> (historically also called '''data highway'''<ref name="Hollingdale_1958"/> or '''databus''') is a communication system that transfers [[Data (computing)|data]] between components inside a [[computer]], or between computers. At its most fundamental level, a bus is (built out of) a (collection of) wire(s) to which multiple devices (gates) can write, but at any instant, the value is just from one of them. This is ensured by an arbitration protocol. This expression covers all related [[Computer hardware|hardware]] components (wire, [[optical fiber]], etc.) and [[software]], including [[communication protocol]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/39054/bus |title=bus Definition from PC Magazine Encyclopedia |publisher=pcmag.com |date=2014-05-29 |access-date=2014-06-21 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207204630/http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/39054/bus |archive-date=2015-02-07 }}</ref>
In most traditional [[computer architecture]]s, the CPU and main memory tend to be tightly coupled, with the internal bus connecting the two being known as the [[system bus]]. In systems that include a [[Cache (computing)|cache]], CPUs use high-performance system buses that operate at speeds greater than memory to communicate with memory. The internal bus (also known as the internal data bus, memory bus or [[system bus]]) connects internal components of a computer to the mother board. [[Local bus|Local buses]] connect the CPU and memory to the [[expansion bus]], which in turn connects the computer to peripherals. Bus systems such as the [[SATA]] ports in modern computers support multiple peripherals, allowing multiple hard drives to be connected without an [[expansion card]].
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