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For generalized cases, the partition function of N particles in d-dimensions is given by
<math display="block"> Z = \frac{1}{h^{Nd}} \int e^{-\beta H(\textbf{q_i}, \textbf{p_i})} \, d^d \textbf{q_i} \, d^d \textbf{p_i}, </math>
==== Classical continuous system (multiple identical particles) ====
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