** [[netlink]]{{snd}} socket family used for IPC between kernel and user space processes, designed as the successor of {{mono|[[ioctl]]}}; Netlink was added by [[Alan Cox (computer programmer)|Alan Cox]] during Linux kernel 1.3 development as a character driver interface to provide multiple kernel and user-space bidirectional communications links. Then, Alexey Kuznetsov extended it during Linux kernel 2.1 development to provide a flexible and extensible messaging interface to the new advanced routing infrastructure. Since then, Netlink sockets have become one of the main interfaces that kernel subsystems provide to user-space applications in Linux. Modern [[Wireless network interface controller|WNIC]] [[Comparison of open-source wireless drivers|drivers]] use it to communicate with user-space.
* {{Annotated link|system call}}
* [[Windows API]]{{snd}} article on various API available on Microsoft Windows operating systems
* {{Annotated link|Windows API}}
** [[windows.h]]{{snd}} header file for the [[C (programming language)|C programming language]] which contains declarations for ''all'' of the functions in the Windows API
* {{Annotated link|windows.h}}
* [[Wine (software)|Wine]]{{snd}} a compatibility layer between Linux and programs written for Microsoft Windows
* {{Annotated link|Wine (software)}}
* [[Hybris (software)|libhybris]] – compatibility layer between Linux and programs written for Android
