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=== Foreign students in Spain ===
A series of studies conducted within the last decade found similar results in students studying abroad in Spain for a short-term and/or semester long program. These studies found that students can improve their speaking proficiency during one semester, there is a positive relationship between students' integrative motivation and interaction with second language culture, and student contact with the Spanish language has a great effect on their speaking improvement.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hernández |first=Todd A. |date=1 December 2010 |title=The Relationship Among Motivation, Interaction, and the Development of Second Language Oral Proficiency in a Study-Abroad Context |url=https://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1030&context=span_fac |journal=The Modern Language Journal |language=en |volume=94 |issue=4 |pages=600–617 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-4781.2010.01053.x |issn=1540-4781|url-access=subscription }}</ref> It is especially apparent in students who live with host families during their program. Anne Reynolds-Case found improvements in understanding and usage of the ''vosotros'' form after studying in Spain.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reynolds-Case |first=Anne |date=1 June 2013 |title=The Value of Short-Term Study Abroad: An Increase in Students' Cultural and Pragmatic Competency |journal=Foreign Language Annals |language=en |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=311–322 |doi=10.1111/flan.12034 |issn=1944-9720}}</ref> One study specifically studies culture perceptions of students studying abroad in Spain. Alan Meredith defines culture as consisting "of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behavior acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts." Questionnaires were given to students living with host families during a two-month program in Spain. He studies how these groups perceive customs, such as concern for personal appearance, physical contact, cooking styles, politics, etc. The study found a variety of results depending the cultural custom. However, the US students' perceptions most closely aligned with the Young Spaniards (16–22 years old).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Meredith |first=R. Alan |date=2010 |title=Acquiring Cultural Perceptions during Study Abroad: The Influence of Youthful Associates |journal=Hispania |volume=93 |issue=4 |pages=686–702 |doi=10.1353/hpn.2010.a407180 |jstor=25758244}}</ref> At the same time, Angela George's study found little significance in the adoption of regional features during their semester abroad.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=George |first=Angela |date=1 March 2014 |title=Study Abroad in Central Spain: The Development of Regional Phonological Features |journal=Foreign Language Annals |language=en |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=97–114 |doi=10.1111/flan.12065 |issn=1944-9720}}</ref> Though most of these studies focused on students who came from America to study in Spain, the United States is not the only one sending their students. Brian Denman's article demonstrates an increase of Saudi student mobility for education, including locations such as Spain.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Denman |first1=Brian D. |last2=Hilal |first2=Kholoud T. |date=1 August 2011 |title=From barriers to bridges: An investigation on Saudi student mobility (2006–2009) |journal=International Review of Education |language=en |volume=57 |issue=3–4 |pages=299–318 |bibcode=2011IREdu..57..299D |doi=10.1007/s11159-011-9221-0 |issn=0020-8566 |s2cid=143960533}}</ref>
== Drawbacks ==
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