V (programming language): Difference between revisions

Revision as of 07:59, 3 July 2025

Revision as of 19:08, 3 July 2025

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==History==

The new language was created as a result of frustration with existing languages being used for personal projects.{{sfn|Chakraborty|2023}} It was originally intended for personal use, but after being mentioned publicly and increasing interest, it was decided to make it public. V was initially created to develop a desktop messaging client named Volt.<ref name="hackaday"/> On public release, the compiler was written in V, and could [[Self-hosting (compilers)|compile itself]].{{Sfn|Rao|2021}}{{sfn|Chakraborty|2023}} Key design goals in creating V were being easy to learn and use, higher readability, fast compiling, increased safety, efficient development, [[Cross-platform software|cross-platform]] usability, improved [[C (programming language)|C]] [[interoperability]], better [[Error detection and correction|error handling]], modern features, and more maintainable software.{{Sfn|Independent<ref Laboratory|2020}}{{Sfn|Lyons|2022}}name="MUO"/><ref name="analyticsindiamag"/><ref name="nasufi"/><ref>{{cite web |title=V language: simple like Go, small binary like Rust|url=https://techracho.bpsinc.jp/hachi8833/2021_03_09/89457/ |website=TechRacho |access-date=3 March 2021}}</ref>

V is released and developed through [[GitHub]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ossinsight.io/analyze/vlang/v#overview |title=GitHub Programming Languages (repository details) |via=[[Open-source software|OSS]] Insight using [[TiDB]]}}</ref><ref name="hackaday"/> and maintained by developers and contributors internationally.{{Sfn|Rao|2021}} It is among the languages that have been listed on the [[TIOBE index]].<ref>{{cite web |title=TIOBE Index |url=https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index |publisher=[[TIOBE index|TIOBE]]|website=tiobe |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411043213/https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/|archive-date=11 April 2025|access-date=11 April 2025}}</ref>

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=== Structs ===

Struct example:{{Sfn|Independent<ref Laboratory|2020}}name="Knott"/><ref name="section"/>

<syntaxhighlight lang="V">

struct Point {

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=== Heap structs ===

Structs are allocated on the stack by default. To allocate a struct on the heap and get a reference to it, the {{code|&}} prefix can be used:{{Sfnsfn|Independent LaboratoryRao|20202021}}

<syntaxhighlight lang="V">

struct Point {

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[[Method (computer programming)|Methods]] in V are functions defined with a receiver [[Parameter (computer programming)|argument]]. The receiver appears in its own argument list between the fn keyword and the method name. Methods must be in the same [[Modular programming|module]] as the receiver type.

The is_registered method has a receiver of type User named u. The convention is not to use receiver names like self or this, but preferably a short name. For example:<ref name="Knott"/>{{Sfn|Independent<ref Laboratory|2020}}name="nasufi"/>

<syntaxhighlight lang="V">