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'''Hibernate ORM''' (or simply '''Hibernate''') is an [[object–relational mapping]]{{sfn|Bauer|King|Gregory|2015}}{{rp|§1.2.2|p=12}} tool for the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] programming language. It provides a [[Software framework|framework]] for mapping an [[Object-oriented programming|object-oriented]] ___domain model to a [[relational database]]. Hibernate handles [[object–relational impedance mismatch]] problems by replacing direct, [[Persistence (computer science)|persistent]] database accesses with high-level object handling functions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/orm/7.0/introduction/html_single/Hibernate_Introduction.html|title=A Short Guide to Hibernate 7|website=docs.jboss.org}}</ref>
Hibernate is [[free software]] that is distributed under the [[Apache License]]. Versions prior to 7.0.0.Beta4 were distributed under the [[GNU Lesser General Public License]] 2.1.
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==Hibernate Query Language (HQL)==
Hibernate provides a [[SQL]] inspired language called Hibernate Query Language<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/orm/7.0/querylanguage/html_single/Hibernate_Query_Language.html|title=A Guide to Hibernate Query Language|website=docs.jboss.org}}</ref> (HQL) for writing SQL-like queries against Hibernate's data objects. ''Criteria Queries'' are provided as an [[Object-oriented programming|object-oriented]] alternative to HQL. Criteria Query is used to modify the objects and provide the restriction for the objects.{{sfn|Bauer|King|Gregory|2015}}{{rp|§=14.1.1|p=347–349}}
HQL (Hibernate Query Language) is the object-oriented version of SQL. It generates database independent queries so that there is no need to write database-specific queries. Without this capability, changing the database would require individual SQL queries to be changed as well, leading to maintenance issues.
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