Content deleted Content added
Citation bot (talk | contribs) Added article-number. Removed URL that duplicated identifier. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | #UCB_CommandLine |
Added a section of RNA editing |
||
Line 108:
===In pathogenic avoidance===
''[[C. elegans]]'' was shown to learn and inherit [[Poison shyness|pathogenic]] [[Avoidance response|avoidance]] after exposure to a single non-coding RNA of a [[Pathogenic bacteria|bacterial pathogen]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Researchers discover how worms pass knowledge of a pathogen to offspring |url=https://phys.org/news/2020-09-worms-knowledge-pathogen-offspring.html |access-date=11 October 2020 |work=phys.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kaletsky R, Moore RS, Vrla GD, Parsons LR, Gitai Z, Murphy CT | title = C. elegans interprets bacterial non-coding RNAs to learn pathogenic avoidance | journal = Nature | volume = 586 | issue = 7829 | pages = 445–451 | date = October 2020 | pmid = 32908307 | pmc = 8547118 | doi = 10.1038/s41586-020-2699-5 | s2cid = 221626129 | bibcode = 2020Natur.586..445K }}</ref>
== RNA editing ==
Several non-coding RNAs undergo post-transcriptional sequence alterations through RNA editing, which can change their nucleotide composition without altering the underlying DNA. The most common forms include adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, catalyzed by adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs), and cytidine-to-uridine (C-to-U) editing, mediated by APOBEC family cytidine deaminases.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nishikura |first=Kazuko |date=December 2015 |title=“A-to-I editing of coding and non-coding RNAs by ADARs.” |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286445471_A-to-I_editing_of_coding_and_non-coding_RNAs_by_ADARs}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Blanc |first=Valerie |last2=Davidson |first2=Nicholas |date=February 2003 |title=C-to-U RNA Editing: Mechanisms Leading to Genetic Diversity |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11021839_C-to-U_RNA_Editing_Mechanisms_Leading_to_Genetic_Diversity}}</ref>
Editing can influence ncRNA stability, localization, and function. In microRNAs, for example, A-to-I editing within the seed region can redirect target recognition and alter gene regulatory networks.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kawahara |first=Y |date=February 2007 |title=Redirection of silencing targets by adenosine-to-inosine editing of miRNAs. |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17322061/}}</ref> In pathological contexts such as cancer, abnormal editing patterns have been linked to tumor progression, metastasis, and patient prognosis.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Liang |first=Han |date=October 2015 |title=The Genomic Landscape and Clinical Relevance of A-to-I RNA Editing in Human Cancers |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26439496/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Li-Di |first=Xu |date=July 2018 |title=ADARs and editing: The role of A-to-I RNA modification in cancer progression |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146145/}}</ref>
==Roles in disease==
| |||