Generic programming: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 06:29, 17 August 2025

Revision as of 06:31, 17 August 2025

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Another kind of template, a ''class template'', extends the same concept to classes. A class template specialization is a class. Class templates are often used to make generic containers. For example, the STL has a [[doubly linked list]] container, <code>std::list</code> (equivalent to <code>LinkedList</code>). To make a linked list of integers, one writes <code>std::list<int></code>. A list of strings is denoted <code>std::list<std::string></code>. A <code>std::list</code> has a set of standard functions associated with it, that work for any compatible parameterizing types.

[[C++20]] supportsintroduces constraining template types using [[Concepts (C++)|concepts]]. Constraining the <code>max()</code> could look something like this:

<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">

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// in requires clause:

template <typename T>

requires std::totally_ordered<T>

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return x < y ? y : x;

}

</syntaxhighlight>