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Inspired by the model of the [[Solovki]], Tryphon wished to convert the [[Skolts|local Sami population]] to Christianity and to demonstrate how faith could flourish in the most inhospitable lands. His example was eagerly followed by other Russian monks. By 1572, the Pechenga Monastery counted about 50 brethren and 200 lay followers. Six years after St. Tryphon's death in 1583, the wooden monastery was raided and burnt down by the Swedes. It is said that the raid claimed the lives of 51 monks and 65 lay brothers, bringing the history of Tryphon's establishment to an end. [[Image:Petsamo.png|300px|thumb|Petsamo is located at the [[Barents Sea]] coast between [[Russia]] in the east, [[Norway]] in the west and [[Finland]] to the south. The green area is the Finnish part of the [[Rybachiy Peninsula]] which was ceded to the Soviet Union after the [[Winter War]]. The red area is [[Jäniskoski]], which was sold to the Soviet Union in 1947.]]
The area was resettled by the [[Pomors]] and other [[Russians]]; its development considerably accelerated in the late 19th century, when the monastery was reestablished there. The harbour Liinahamari in Petsamo was important for the Russian economy during [[World War I]] as the [[Baltic Sea]] was blocked by the Germans. In the [[Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Finnish)|Treaty of Tartu]] (1920), [[Russian SFSR|Soviet Russia]] ceded Petsamo to Finland.
Deposits of [[nickel]] were found 1921, after Petsamo became a part of Finland, and in 1934 it was estimated that the deposits contained over five million tonnes of nickel. Mining operations started in 1935 by [[Canada|Canadian]] and [[France|French]] corporations.
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