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By this time, stand-alone workstations & [[personal computers]] had come to dominate the computing landscape. They were inter-connected, but they were increasing decentralized, unlike [[time-sharing]] systems. As machines became more commodified, they began to fail more often. The notion emerged of centralized time-sharing, over a very wide area network, as a way of retaining one's "computing identity".
[[Larry Ellison]] of [[Oracle Corporation]] and [[Scott McNealy]] of [[Sun Microsystems]] began to talk of a "dream of network computing", where [[thin client]]s were replaceable, but personal information & computing activity was retained on central computers. The technology for this already existed at the time, in text based computing in the form of remote-login, and in the [[GUI]] form of the [[X11]] windowing system, which allowed a workstation to act as a thin client to a remote machine. But Oracle & Sun were targeting corporations that had become very PC dependent.
With the advent of the [[World Wide Web]], any server became a centralized data repository, and any browser could turn a computer into a [[thin client]]. [[Web services]], for example [[Webmail]] services such as [[Hotmail]], reduced the personal information kept on a client machine, and allowed people more mobility and personal information security.
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