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"more recent times", i.e. since 2000; the intro shouldn't completely ignore 17 years out of the 22 in the history of modern suicide bombing |
→History: lebanese civil war, hezbollah, etc. |
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After aiming a two-person kaiten at their target, the two crew members were to embrace and shoot each other in the head. Social support for such choices was strong, due in part to Japanese cultural history, in which [[seppuku]], honorable suicide, was part of [[samurai]] duty. It was also fostered and indoctrinated by the Imperial program to persuade, often through coercion (such as through doping), the Japanese soldiers to commit these acts.
The [[Lebanese Civil War]] saw the first modern suicide bombing: [[Hezbollah]]'s [[Marine barracks bombing|attack on a United States Marine barracks]] in [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]], in [[1983]]. Other groups were quick to adopt the tactic, and by 1999 factions such as Hezbollah, the [[Amal Movement]], the [[Ba'ath Party]], and the [[Syrian Social Nationalist Party]] (which sent the first [[female suicide bomber]] in 1986) had carried out around 50 suicide bombings between them. Hezbollah was the only one to attack overseas, [[Israeli Embassy Attack in Buenos Aires|bombing the Israeli embassy]] (and possibly the [[AMIA Bombing|Argentine-Israeli Mutual Association building]]) in [[Buenos Aires]]; as its military and political power have grown, it has since abandoned the tactic.
[[Guerrilla]] groups that have employed suicide bombing include the [[Viet Minh]], [[Kurdistan Workers Party]] and the [[Tamil Tigers]]. Suicide bombing has been a particularly popular tactic amongst some [[Palestinian]] groups, including [[Hamas]], [[Palestinian Islamic Jihad|Islamic Jihad]], and the [[Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade]]. Bombers affiliated with these groups often use so-called "[[suicide belts]]", explosive devices designed to be strapped to the body under clothing. The first suicide bombing of the modern phase of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict was carried out by a Japanese person. In [[1972]] [[Tsuyoshi Okudaira]], part of the [[Japanese Red Army]], deliberately killed himself and those around him with a grenade in a part of the [[Lod Airport Massacre]].▼
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The [[September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack]] involved the hijacking of large fully-fueled passenger jets which were deliberately flown into the towers of the [[World Trade Center]] in [[New York City]] and [[the Pentagon]], killing everyone aboard the planes and thousands more in and around the targeted buildings, thus making it one of the most destructive suicide attacks in history. The 'September 11' attacks also had a vast economic and political impact: for the cost of the lives of the 19 hijackers and financial expenditure of around US$100,000, [[al-Qaida]], the militant Islamist group responsible for the attacks, effected a trillion-dollar drop in global markets within one week, and triggered massive increases in military and security expenditure in response.
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