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The '''MySQL''' system implements a fast, [[multithread]]ed, [[multi-user]] and robust [[SQL]] (Structured Query Language) [[relational database]] [[server]]. MySQL as [[free software]] utilises the [[GNU General Public License]]. the PHP-MySQL combination is also [[cross-platform]].
The Swedish company MySQL AB writes and maintains the system, selling support and service contracts as well as commercially licensed copies of MySQL and employing people all over the world who communicate over the [[internet]]. Two Swedes and a Finn founded [[MySQL AB]]: [[David Axmark]], [[Allan Larsson]] and [[Michael (Monty) Widenius|Michael "Monty" Widenius]]. Despite the widespread pronunciation of SQL as "sequel", [[profession]]als generally pronounce "MySQL" as "My ess-que-ell", not "My-Sequel".
==Platforms==
MySQL, an [[open source]] product, works on many different platforms including [[AIX operating system|AIX]], [[BSDi]], [[FreeBSD]], [[HP-UX]], [[Linux]], [[Mac OS X]], [[NetBSD]], [[OpenBSD]], [[OS/2]] Warp, [[SGI]] [[IRIX]], [[Solaris Operating Environment|Solaris]], [[SunOS]], SCO OpenServer, SCO UnixWare, [[Tru64]], [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] 95, 98, NT, 2000, [[XP]] and higher.
==Programming Languages==
[[programming language|Programming languages]] which can access MySQL databases include [[C programming language|C]], [[C Plus Plus|C++]], [[Eiffel programming language|Eiffel]], [[Java programming language|Java]], [[Perl]], [[PHP]], [[Python programming language|Python]], and [[Tcl]]; each of these using a specific [[API]]. An [[ODBC]] interface called [[MyODBC]] also exists. MySQL uses C as its "native" language.
==The latest production version==
As of [[as of 2003 | 2003]] MySQL offers production version 4.0. It includes the following features:
* A broad subset of ANSI SQL 99, as well as extensions
* Cross-platform support
* Independent storage engines (MyISAM for read speed, InnoDB for transactions and referential integrity)
* Transactions
* [[SSL]] Support
* Query [[caching]]
* Replication
* Full-text [[indexing]] and searching
* Embedded database library
It does not include the following features:
* Sub-[[SELECT]]s (or nested SELECTs)
* multibyte character encoding or [[Unicode]]/[[UTF-8]]
* Stored procedures
==The development version==
As of [[as of 2003 | 2003]] the development version, Version 4.1, includes support for the following features:
* Sub-SELECTS
* UTF-8
* Support for geographical data ([[OpenGIS]])
* Derived tables
* Multi-line queries
==Future releases==
MySQL 5.0 will contain support for the following features:
* Stored procedures
* [[Trigger]]s
* [[Cursor]]s
* True VARCHAR support
* Easier GIS access
MySQL 5.1 will contain support for:
* Foreign key support for all table types
* Online [[backup]]
* Fail-safe replication
* Column-level constraints
MySQL 6.0 will contain support for views.
==Criticisms of MySQL==
Early versions of MySQL included few standard DBMS features, and the current production version still lacks many properties found in other SQL DBMSes. This has led some database experts, such as [[Christopher J. Date|Chris Date]] and [[Fabian Pascal]], to criticize MySQL as falling short of being a DBMS. [http://www.dbdebunk.com/]
Many of the early criticisms have been remedied in later versions of the software, including the lack of transactions and relational integrity constraints. These are features necessary to support the "[[ACID]] properties" for relational databases, which allow the DBMS to ensure that client applications cannot interfere with one another or insert inconsistent values. [http://www.service-architecture.com/database/articles/acid_properties.html] Other criticisms include MySQL's divergence from the SQL standard on the subject of treatment of NULL values and default values. [http://sql-info.de/mysql/gotchas.html]
Critics find MySQL's popularity surprising in the light of the existence of other open-source database projects with comparable performance and in closer compliance to the SQL standards. MySQL advocates reply that the program serves its purpose for its users, who are willing to accept the program's limitations (which decrease with every major revision) in exchange for speed, simplicity, and rapid development.
==Wikipedia on MySQL==
In [[August 2001]], a test version of the [[Wikipedia]] software using [[PHP programming language|PHP]] and MySQL appeared; in January 2002 it became the new software running Wikipedia. See the [[Wikipedia:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] page. In May 2003, this code base underwent an [[m:Upgrade to MySQL 4.0|upgrade to MySQL version 4.0.12]] from the previous version 3.x.
See also: [[PostgreSQL]], [[Berkeley DB]], [[Firebird (database server)|Firebird]], [[ODBC]].
== External links ==
* [http://www.mysql.com MySQL web site]
* [http://www.databasejournal.com/features/mysql/article.php/2210771 MySQL roadmap]
* [http://www.dbdebunk.com/ Database Debunking]
* [http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/programming/php/tutorials/tutorial4.html MySQL webmonkey tutorial].
*http://www.fabforce.net/dbdesigner4
*http://www.opengis.org
[[de:MySQL]] [[es:MySQL]] [[fr:MySQL]] [[ja:MySQL]] [[pl:MySQL]] [[sv:MySQL]]
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