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The basic principles of SNP array are the same as the DNA microarray. These are the convergence of [[DNA hybridization]], [[fluorescence microscope|fluorescence microscopy]], and solid surface DNA capture. The three mandatory components of the SNP arrays are:
# The array that contains immobilized [[nucleic acid]] sequences or target;
# One or more labeled [[Allele specific oligonucleotide|Allele specific oligonucleotide (ASO)]] probes;
# A detection system that records and interprets the [[DNA-DNA hybridization|hybridization]] signal.
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