Microsoft Bookshelf: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 03:58, 8 dic 2008

Versione delle 19:15, 26 dic 2008

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{{T|inglese|informatica|data=marzo 2008}}

'''Microsoft Bookshelf''' è stato un [[Reference work|reference]]pacchetto collezionesoftware introdottaintrodotto a partire dal [[1987]] come parte del lavoro estensivo di [[Microsoft]]'s lavoro estensivo in [[CD-ROM]] promozionali promozional-tecnologici come distribuzione mediumdistribuiti per [[electronicpublishing publishingelettronico]].

La versione originale per [[MS-DOS]] presentava la massiva capacità di storage della tecnologia CD-ROM, ed era eseguita mentre l'utente utilizzava uno dei 13 differenti [[word processor]] che Bookshelf supportava. Le versioni successive furono sviluppate per [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] e divennero un successo commerciale come parte del marchio ''Microsoft Home''. Spesso era distribuito in bundle con i nuovi [[personal computer]] come alternativa economica alla suite [[Encarta]]. Bookshelf era distribuito in bundle anche con le versioni ''Encarta Deluxe Suite'' e ''Reference Library''.

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La versione originale di [[MS-DOS]] showcased the massive storage capacity of CD-ROM technology, and was accessed while the user was using one of 13 different word processor programs that Bookshelf supported. Subsequent versions were produced for [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] and became a commercial success as part of the [[Microsoft Home]] brand. It was often bundled with [[personal computers]] as a cheaper alternative to the Encarta Suite.

==Contenuti==

L'edizione originale del [[1987]] conteneva ''[[Il Thesaurus di Roget]]'', ''Il dizionario dell'eredità americana della [[lingua inglese]]'', [[Almanacco del mondo]] e il Libro dei Fatti, [[''Le quotazioni familiari di Bartlett]]'', [[''Il manuale Chicago dello stile]]'' (13esima edizione), l'elenco dei codici postali degli [[Stati Uniti d'America|Stati Uniti]], ''[[Houghton Mifflin]] Usage Alert'', il correttore e verificatore dello spelling della Houghton Mifflin, Fonti di informazione per il businness, e Forme e Lettere.

La versione per Windows di Bookshelf aggiungeva un numero di nuovi titoli, incluso ''The Concise [[Columbia Encyclopedia]]''. Altri titoli furono aggiunti e qualcuno fu eliminato negli anni seguenti.

The Windows release of Bookshelf added a number of new reference titles, including the ''The Concise [[Columbia Encyclopedia]]''. Other titles were added and some were dropped in subsequent years. ByDal 1994, thela [[Englishlingua language|English-language]] alsoinglese containedincludeva thela ''[[Columbia Dictionary of Quotations]]''; ''The Concise [[Columbia Encyclopedia]]''; thel' ''[[Hammond Intermediate World Atlas]]''; ande ''[[The People's Chronology]]''.<ref name="Bookshelf 94"> {{cite web

|title=Microsoft Bookshelf 1994

|first=Birger|last=Nielsen|author=Birger Nielsen|work=The Tea Page

|url=http://www.246.dk/teamsb94.html|year=2006|accessdate=2006-04-18}}</ref> ByDal 2000, theil collectionpacchetto came to include theincluse ''[[Encarta]] Desk Encyclopedia'', theed ''Encarta Desk Atlas'', andpiù una aspecializzazione specializeddi [[Web directory|Internet Directory]].

Nelle ultime edizioni della suite Encarta (2000 e successive), Bookshelf è stato rimpiazzato con ''Encarta Dictionary'', un superset della versione stampata. Ci furono delle controversie su tale decisione, perché i riferimenti ad altri libri forniti in Bookshelf che molti trovavano utili, come il dizionario delle citazioni (sostituito con una sezione di citazioni in ''Encarta'' che collega gli articoli rilevanti e le persone) ed Internet Directory, anche se la directory è la questione del momento perché molti siti elencati offline non esistono più.

==Tecnologia==

In later editions of the Encarta Suite (2000 and onwards), Bookshelf was replaced with a dedicated ''Encarta Dictionary'', a superset of the printed edition. There has been some controversy over the decision, since the dictionary lacks the other books provided in Bookshelf which many found to be a useful reference, such as the dictionary of quotations (replaced with a quotations section in ''Encarta'' that links to relevant articles and people) and the Internet Directory, although the directory is now a [[wikt:moot point|moot point]] since many of the sites listed in offline directories no longer exist.

===Motore di Bookshelf 1.0 engine===

Bookshelf 1.0 usedutilizzava auna [[proprietary]]versione proprietaria del motore [[hypertextipertesto|ipertestuale]] engine thatche Microsoft acquired whenacquistò itquando boughtcomprò thela companysocietà Cytation innel 1986.<ref name="Microsoft 1980s"> {{cite web

==Technology==

===Bookshelf 1.0 engine===

Bookshelf 1.0 used a [[proprietary]] [[hypertext]] engine that Microsoft acquired when it bought the company Cytation in 1986.<ref name="Microsoft 1980s"> {{cite web

|title=A History of the Personal Computer: The People and the Technology

|work=Chapter 12 Microsoft in the 1980s

Riga 22 ⟶ 20:

|id=ISBN 0-9689108-0-7|accessdate=2006-04-18

|url=http://www.retrocomputing.net/info/allan/eBook12.pdf

}}</ref>

}}</ref> Also used for Microsoft Stat Pack and Microsoft Small Business Consultant, the Bookshelf was a [[Terminate and Stay Resident]] program that ran alongside a dominant program, unbeknownst to the dominant program. Like Apple's similar [[Hypercard]] reader, Bookshelf engine's files used a single [[compound document]], containing large numbers of subdocuments ("cards" or "articles"). They both differ from current browsers which normally treat each "page" or "article" as a separate file.

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}}</ref> Also used for Microsoft Stat Pack and Microsoft Small Business Consultant, the Bookshelf was a [[Terminate and Stay Resident]] program that ran alongside a dominant program, unbeknownst to the dominant program. Like Apple's similar [[Hypercard]] reader, Bookshelf engine's files used a single [[compound document]], containing large numbers of subdocuments ("cards" or "articles"). They both differ from current browsers which normally treat each "page" or "article" as a separate file.

Though similar to Apple's [[Hypercard]] reader in many ways, the Bookshelf engine had several key differences. Unlike Hypercard files, Bookshelf files required compilation and complex markup codes. This made the files more difficult to pirate, addressing a key concern of early electronic publishers. Furthermore, Bookshelf's engine was designed to run as fast as possible on slow first-generation [[CD-ROM]] drives, some of which required as much as a half-second to move the drive head. Such hardware constraints made Hypercard impractical for high-capacity CD-ROMs. Bookshelf also had full text searching capability, which made it easy to find needed information.