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Forced population transfer is now considered a human rights abuse |
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It superseded the stillborn [[Treaty of Sèvres]] which was considered "unacceptable" by the newly founded Turkish government replacing the monarchy in Istanbul. After the expulsion of the Greek forces by the Turkish army under the command of [[Kemal Atatürk]], there was a need to extensively revise the [[Treaty of Sèvres]]. On October 20, 1922 the peace conference was opened, and after strenuous debates, it was interrupted on February 4, 1923. After reopening on April 23, the treaty was signed on July 24 after a total of 8 months of long and arduous discussions.
[[Ismet Inönü|İsmet İnönü]] was the lead negotiator of Turkey and [[Eleftherios Venizelos]] for Greece. The treaty provides for the independence of the Republic of Turkey but also for the protection of the ethnic Greek minority in Turkey and the religious Muslim minority in Greece. Much of the Greek population of Turkey was [[population transfer|exchanged]] with the Turkish population of Greece. The Greeks of Istanbul, Imvros and Tenedos were excluded (about 400,000 at that time), but also the non-Turkish Muslims and [[pomaks]] of Greece (about 25,000 at that time).
Since signing the treaty, each party has claimed that the other has violated its provisions. Greece has seen its ethnic minority population in Turkey diminish from several hundred thousands in 1923 to a mere couple of thousand today, and claims that this is was caused by the systematic enforcement of anti-minority measures. On the other hand, although the Muslim minority in Greece has increased significantly since 1923, Turkey questions whether this non-ethnic minority described as Muslim must be considered ethnic Turkish.
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[[Category:History of Turkey]]
[[Category:Aftermath of World War I|Lausanne]]
[[Category:Human rights abuses]]
[[de:Vertrag von Lausanne]]
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