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==Scoperta e significato==
In the first year of data recorded by the [[Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe]] (WMAP) a region of sky in the constellation [[Eridanus (constellation)|Eridanus]] was found to be cooler than the surrounding area.<ref>Cruz, Martínez-González, Vielva & Cayón (2005), [http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0405341 "Detection of a non-Gaussian Spot in WMAP"], MNRAS 356 29-40</ref> Subsequently, using the data gathered by WMAP over 3 years, the statistical significance of such a large, cool region was estimated. The probability of finding a deviation at least as high in [[Gaussian random field|Gaussian]] simulations was found to be 1.85%.<ref>Cruz, Cayón, Martínez-González, Vielva & Jin (2007), [http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0603859 "The non-Gaussian Cold Spot in the 3-year WMAP data"], Astrophys.J. 655 11-20</ref> Thus it appears unlikely, but not impossible, that the cold spot was generated by the standard mechanism of [[quantum fluctuations]] during [[cosmological inflation]], which in most inflationary models gives rise to Gaussian statistics. The cold spot may also, as suggested in the references above, be a signal of non-Gaussian primordial fluctuations.
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