Defensive computing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 02:33, 24 February 2009

Revision as of 02:38, 24 February 2009

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=== Firewall ===

A [[firewall]] is a collection of security measures that protects a computer from harmful inbound and outbound traffic on the Internet and prevents the unauthorized access of computer systems. <ref name="twoone">[http://www.cs.unm.edu/~treport/tr/02-12/firewall.pdf http://www.cs.unm.edu/~treport/tr/02-12/firewall.pdf],A History and Survey of Network Firewalls</ref> These security measures are integrated into the form of special software that runs autonomously either on individual computer systems, or externally through built in software within [[routers]] and [[]modems]].

Not all firewall software will protect computers from sending unauthorized or harmful outbound traffic.

An important defensive computing strategy is to seek and implement quality firewall software that filters both inbound and outbound traffic. <ref name="threetwo">[http://news.cnet.com/8301-13554_3-9923976-33.html http://news.cnet.com/8301-13554_3-9923976-33.html], The Pillars of Defensive Computing</ref>

=== Anti-Malware software ===

A basic strategy for all defensive computer users is to install and use anti-[[malware]] software.

Firewalls may not completely protect a computer. Malicious software may be able to get through a firewall and onto a system. Anti-Malware such as anti-virus, anti-phishing and email filtering software offer some protection against harmful software that reside within a computer. The amount of malicious software available over the Internet is steadily increasing. <ref name="fourthree">[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/03/19/AR2008031901439.html http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/03/19/AR2008031901439.html], Antivirus Firms Scrambling to Keep Up</ref> It is important for defensive users to use to anti-malware that is both effective and easily updated in order to combat new strains of malicious software that are developed.<ref name="two">[http://news.cnet.com/8301-13554_3-9923976-33.html http://news.cnet.com/8301-13554_3-9923976-33.html], The Pillars of Defensive Computing</ref>

=== Skepticism ===

An important aspect of defensive computing is for users to be skeptical of the data to which they have access via the Internet.<ref name="fivefour">[http://www.melbpc.org.au/pcupdate/2206/2206article6.htm http://www.melbpc.org.au/pcupdate/2206/2206article6.htm], How To Protect Yourself From Virus Infection</ref> Malicious software can exist in a multitude of different forms and many are misleading to general computer users and even some anti-malware software. Defensive users think critically about the information they can access, to reduce their chances of downloading and spreading malicious software. Strategies include scanning [[email attachments]] prior to opening them and manually filtering suspicious emails from inboxes. Users should be aware of persuasive subject lines and headings in emails from any address, as they may actually contain malicious software or spam, which can mislead users into false advertisement resulting in identity theft.<ref name="two">[http://news.cnet.com/8301-13554_3-9923976-33.html http://news.cnet.com/8301-13554_3-9923976-33.html], The Pillars of Defensive Computing</ref>

Defensive users can scan files they download prior to opening them and can also configure their computers to show [[file extensions]], revealing potentially dangerous files that appear harmless.<ref name="four">[7]http://www.melbpc.org.au/pcupdate/2206/2206article6.htm http://www.melbpc.org.au/pcupdate/2206/2206article6.htm], How To Protect Yourself From Virus Infection</ref>
Skepticism can also be applied to the websites visited by users. As with emails, users can be lead to false advertisements. Also, malicious software can unknowingly be downloaded and infect a computer, just by visiting a certain website.

== Backup and Recovery Procedures ==

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=== Backup of files ===

A defensive strategy against unintentional data loss is the regular backup of important files. Users can make multiple copies of important data and store them either on the same computer or on another device such as a compact disc or an external hard drive. <ref name="sixfive">[http://www.microsoft.com/protect/yourself/data/what.mspx http://www.microsoft.com/protect/yourself/data/what.mspx], How to Decide what Data to Back Up </ref> Users can also upload important files to the Internet, provided they have access to Internet storage services.

=== Restoration ===

Some operating systems give users the option of performing a procedure that restores a computer to a predetermined state. If no option is available, a user can obtain the appropriate restoration software for their system. In the event of a system failure or a serious case of data loss, a user can restore any lost or changed files and remove any malicious files that did not previously exist.<ref name="sixfive">[http://www.microsoft.com/protect/yourself/data/what.mspx http://www.microsoft.com/protect/yourself/data/what.mspx], How to decideDecide what dataData to backBack upUp </ref>

== Good Practices for Protecting One's Data ==