Elizabeth Short: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 12:38, 14 apr 2006

Versione delle 13:28, 14 apr 2006

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{{da tradurre|inglese|aprile 2006}}

[[Image:BethShort.jpg|frame|leftright|Elizabeth Short]]

'''Elizabeth Short''' ([[Hyde Park]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Massachusetts]], [[USA]]], [[29 Luglio]] [[1924]] - [[Los Angeles]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[California]], [[USA]]], [[15 Gennaio]] [[1947]]), nota come '''La Dalia Nera''', è la vittima del più famoso caso irrisolto di [[omicidio]] negli [[USA]].

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==Le indagini==

Le indagini sul "delitto della Dalia Nera" della Polizia di [[Los Angeles]] sono state fra le più vaste nella storia del Dipartimento ed hanno coinvolto centinaia di agenti ed ispettori, perfino di altri dipartimenti. I sospettati sono stati centinaia e migliaia le persone interrogate. Fortissima è stata l'attenzione dell'[[opinione pubblica]] sul caso, la cui complessità è stata ampliata dalla curiosità dei [[giornale|giornali]], perdovuta laalla natura del delitto. Si sono autoaccusate dell'[[omicidio]] almeno 60 persone - in larga parte [[uomo|uomini]], anche se ci furono anche alcune [[donna|donne]].

Si sono autoaccusate dell'[[omicidio]] almeno 60 persone - in larga parte [[uomo|uomini]], anche se ci furono anche alcune [[donna|donne]]. Dai documenti ufficiali degli investigatori della Polizia di [[Los Angeles]] risultano però 22 sospetti "principali".

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==Suspects==

==I 22 principali sospettati==

*'''22 District Attorney suspects''': A summary of each of 22 suspects investigated by the Los Angeles district attorney's office, transcribed from the official document, can be found at [http://blackdahlia.info/modules/news2/article.php?storyid=4/ this site].

===Walter Alonzo Bayley===

*'''Walter Bayley''': Dr. Walter Alonzo Bayley was a Los Angeles surgeon who lived in a house one block south of the vacant lot in which Elizabeth Short’s body was found, until leaving his wife in October 1946. At the time of the murder, Bayley’s estranged wife still lived in the home. Bayley's daughter was a friend of Elizabeth Short's sister Virginia and brother-in-law Adrian and had been a witness at their wedding. When Bayley died in January 1948, his autopsy showed that he was suffering from degenerative brain disease. After his death, Bayley's widow alleged that his mistress knew a "terrible secret" about Bayley and claimed this was the reason the mistress was the main beneficiary upon his death. Bayley was never a suspect in the case, but many medical doctors and others with medical training were. In secret testimony, Detective Harry Hansen, one of the original investigators, told the 1949 Los Angeles County Grand Jury that in his opinion, the killer was a "top medical man" and "a fine surgeon." Bayley was 67 years old at the time of the murder and had no known history of violence or criminal activity of any kind.

'''Walter Bayley''', [[chirurgo]] di [[Los Angeles]], ha vissuto in una delle case vicine a quella in cui è stata ritrovata Elizabeth Short fino all'[[Ottobre]] [[1946]], quando si separa dalla moglie. La figlia di Bayley era amica della sorella di Elizabeth, Virginia Short, di cui fu anche testimone di nozze. Muore nel [[Gennaio]] del [[1948]]. La sua [[autopsia]] ha rivelato che soffriva di una malattia cerebrale degenerativa. All'epoca del delitto, Bayley aveva 67 anni e non aveva alcun precedente penale.

:When Larry Harnisch, a copy editor and writer for the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', began studying the case in 1996, he eventually concluded that Bayley could be Elizabeth Short's killer.[http://www.lmharnisch.com] Although critics of Harnisch's theory question whether Bayley's mental and physical condition at the time of the murder would have been consistent with the commission of this type of crime, the original investigators' theory that the body was cut in half because the killer wasn't strong enough to move it intact partially answers this objection. Harnisch theorizes that Bayley’s neurological deterioration contributed to his alleged violence against Short. Some have suggested that the secret that Bayley’s mistress was blackmailing him with was that he had performed abortions, then a crime. However, there is no evidence that Bayley performed abortions or associated with anyone involved in performing abortions. Author [[James Ellroy]] endorsed Harnisch's theory in the film "James Ellroy's Feast of Death".[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0333445/]

Dopo la sua morte, la vedova di Bayley ha dichiarato che l'[[amante]] del marito era a conoscenza di un "terribile segreto" che lo riguardava, accusando l'amante stessa di essere "la principale beneficiaria della sua morte". Bayley non è mai stato ufficialmente iscritto nel registro degli indagati, ma molti suoi colleghi sì, al pari di alcuni loro assistenti. In una testimonianza segreta, il detective Harry Hansen (fra i primi ad occuparsi del caso) ha suggerito ([[1949]]) l'ipotesi per cui il [[killer]] della Short fosse "un [[chirurgo]] molto esperto".

*'''[[Norman Chandler]]''': Chandler, publisher of the Los Angeles Times, is accused of involvement in Elizabeth Short's murder, in Donald Wolfe's ''The Mob, the Mogul, and the Murder That Transfixed Los Angeles''. In a complicated scenario involving multiple perpetrators, Wolfe claims that Chandler impregnated Short while she was working as a call girl for the notorious Hollywood "madam" [[Brenda Allen]], which led to Short's murder at the hands of gangster [[Bugsy Siegel]]. Wolfe's claim that Short was a prostitute is at odds with the Los Angeles County district attorney's files, which plainly state that she was not. [http://blackdahlia.info/modules/news2/article.php?storyid=3]

Larry Harnisch, redattore del ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', alla fine di una propria [[indagine]] giornalistica svolta nel [[1996]], arriva alla conclusione che Bayley possa aver ucciso Elizabeth Short. Molti critici dell'ipotesi avanzata da Harnisch si interrogano sulla reale capacità di intendere e di volere di Bayley, data la sua malattia. Ma la principale teoria degli investigatori (secondo cui il corpo avrebbe dovuto essere smembrato per poter essere poi trasportato altrove, ipotesi che giustifica il profondo taglio all'altezza della vita) risponde parzialmente alla critica. Harnisch sostiene che sia stata proprio la sua malattia neurodegenerativa a contribuire all'accanimento sul corpo della vittima.

*'''Joseph A. Dumais''': Joseph Dumais, a 29-year-old soldier stationed at [[Fort Dix, New Jersey]], confessed to the murder a few weeks after it occurred. Although this "breakthrough" was quickly dismissed by the original investigators, the Los Angeles press covered enthusiastically until it was revealed that Dumais had remained in Fort Dix at the time of the murder. Dumais was cleared of any involvement in the crime, although he continued to claim he killed Elizabeth Short each time he was arrested for various offenses, well into the 1950s.

Riguardo al "terribile segreto" conosciuto dall'amante di Bayley, alcuni hanno sostenuto che si trattasse di alcuni [[aborto|aborti]] clandestini operati dallo stesso chirurgo. Nessuna prova concreta però è mai stata portata a supporto di questa tesi.

===Norman Chandler===

'''Norman Chandler''', [[editore]] del [[Los Angeles Times]], è stato accusato di essere il mandante dell'[[omicidio]] dallo scrittore [[Donald Wolfe]] nel suo ''The Mob, the Mogul, and the Murder That Transfixed Los Angeles''. Ipotizzando un complicato scenario, Wolfe sostiene che Chandler abbia messo incinta la Short quando questa lavorava come [[prostituta|squillo]] per "Madame" Brenda Allen, che gestiva un noto [[bordello]] di [[Hollywood]].

Per evitare lo scandalo, Chandler si sarebbe rivolto un gangster locale, Bugsy Siegel, perchè ammazzasse la donna. Tale ipotesi è però in aperto contrasto con quanto stabilito dalle indagini della Polizia di [[Los Angeles]] e dall'[[autopsia]]. La Short infatti non ha mai lavorato come [[prostituta]] e soprattutto, a causa di una malformazione [[vagina|vaginale]], non poteva avere rapporti sessuali.

<!--===Joseph A. Dumais===

*'''Joseph A. Dumais''': Joseph Dumais, a 29-year-old soldier stationed at [[Fort Dix, New Jersey]], confessed to the murder a few weeks after it occurred. Although this "breakthrough" was quickly dismissed by the original investigators, the Los Angeles press covered enthusiastically until it was revealed that Dumais had remained in Fort Dix at the time of the murder. Dumais was cleared of any involvement in the crime, although he continued to claim he killed Elizabeth Short each time he was arrested for various offenses, well into the 1950s.

*'''[[Woody Guthrie]]''': The folksinger was one of the many suspects in the murder, according to the Los Angeles County district attorney's files and ''Ramblin' Man: The Life and Times of Woody Guthrie'' written by Ed Cray and published in 2004 by [[W.W. Norton]], Page 331. According to Cray, Guthrie drew police attention due to some sexually explicit letters and lurid tabloid clippings he sent to a northern California woman with whom he was smitten. The mailings disturbed their recipient so much that she showed them to her sister in Los Angeles, who contacted the police. Guthrie was quickly cleared of involvement in the murder, but various authorities attempted to prosecute him, with minor success, on charges related to sending prohibited materials through the mails.