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Another variation, notably used by the [[library sort]] algorithm, leaves carefully placed gaps between elements to facilitate rapid insertion in the middle of the list.
One of the problems with the simple dynamic array is that it often has a constant fraction of cells not in use, which wastes space. In the 1999 paper ''Resizable Arrays in Optimal Time and Space'', Brodnik et al. describe a dynamic array data structure which wastes only <math>\sqrt{n}</math> space for ''n'' elements at any point in time, and they prove a lower bound showing that any dynamic array must waste this much space if the operations are to remain amortized constant time.
== Language support ==
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* [[Thomas H. Cormen]], [[Charles E. Leiserson]], [[Ronald L. Rivest]], and [[Clifford Stein]]. ''[[Introduction to Algorithms]]'', Second Edition. MIT Press and McGraw-Hill, 2001. ISBN 0262032937. Section 17.4: Dynamic tables, pp.416–425.
* Andrej Brodnik, Svante Carlsson, Erik D. Demaine, J. Ian Munro, and Robert Sedgewick. [http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/brodnik99resizable.html Resizable Arrays in Optimal Time and Space] (1999). ''Workshop on Algorithms and Data Structures'', pp.37–48.
== External links ==
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