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Early [[scholar]]s of linguistics include [[Jakob Grimm]], who devised the principle of consonantal shifts in pronunciation known as [[Grimm's Law]] in 1822, [[Karl Verner]], who discovered [[Verner's Law]], [[August Schleicher]] who created the "Stammbaumtheorie" and [[Johannes Schmidt (linguist)|Johannes Schmidt]] who developed the "Wellentheorie" ("wave model") in 1872. [[Ferdinand de Saussure]] was the founder of modern structural linguistics. [[Noam Chomsky|Noam Chomsky's]] formal model of language, [[transformational-generative grammar]], developed under the influence of his teacher [[Zellig Harris]], who was in turn strongly influenced by [[Leonard Bloomfield]], has been the dominant one from the [[1960s]].
Other important linguists and [[school]]s include [[Michael Halliday]], whose [[systemic functional grammar]] is pursued widely in the [[United Kingdom|U.K.]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[China]], and [[Japan]]; [[Dell Hymes]], who developed a pragmatic approach called The Ethnography of Speaking; [[George Lakoff]], [[Len Talmy]], and [[Ronald Langacker]], who were pioneers in [[cognitive linguistics]]; [[Charles Fillmore]] and [[Adele Goldberg (linguist)|Adele Goldberg]], who are associated with [[construction grammar]]; and linguists developing several varieties of what they call [[functionalism | functional grammar]], including [[Talmy Givon]] and [[Robert Van Valin, Jr.]].
== Representation of speech ==
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