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==Campagna di colpa collettiva==
==Collective guilt campaign==
[[File:Namering exhumed bodies of SS murdered slave workers ww2-183.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Alliedle troopstruppe commonlyalleate forcedcostringiveno Germancomunemente civilianscon atle gunarmi pointi tocivili tourtedeschi concentrationa campsvisitare andcampi di concentramento e in somealcuni casescasi toad exhumeesumare massfosse gravescomuni ofdi Nazivittime victimsdei nazisti.]] [[File:EureNel Schuld.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Diese1945 Schandtaten:c'era Eureil Schuld!consenso ("Thesealleato—che atrocities:non Youresistette Fault!")più Onea oflungo—sulla thedottrina postersdella distributedcolpa bycollettiva, U.S.that occupationall authoritiesGermans inshared the summer[[blame]] ofnot 1945only for the purposewar ofbut instillingfor aNazi sense[[human ofrights abuses|atrocities]] collectiveas guiltwell.<ref>Jeffrey K[http://www. Olicktime.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,844961-1,00.html "InTime theMagazine housearticle]</ref><ref>''See ofalso'' the[[Guilt hangman:(law)]] theand agonies[[Stuttgart Declaration of German defeat, 1943-1949",Guilt]].</ref></blockquote>
p.98, footnote 12([http://books.google.com/books?id=eBzJvmrOSL0C&pg=PA98&lpg=PA98&dq=%22Diese.+Schandtaten:+Eure+Schuld!%22&source=bl&ots=E2xFoI9bnu&sig=gBjFrl_4Vfol0yjwdJVcm0KHeMI&hl=it&ei=D_2bS_yBO5GO_Abu7Lz7CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CCAQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22Diese.%20Schandtaten%3A%20Eure%20Schuld!%22&f=false books google])</ref>]]In 1969 ''Time Magazine'' stated that <blockquote>[i]n 1945 there was an Allied consensus—which no longer exists—on the doctrine of collective guilt, that all Germans shared the [[blame]] not only for the war but for Nazi [[human rights abuses|atrocities]] as well.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,844961-1,00.html Time Magazine article]</ref><ref>''See also'' [[Guilt (law)]] and [[Stuttgart Declaration of Guilt]].</ref></blockquote>
The ideas of [[collective guilt]] and [[collective punishment]] originated not with the US and British people, but on higher policy levels.<ref name="Francis R. Nicosia p.130,131">Francis R. Nicosia,Jonathan Huener "Business and industry in Nazi Germany", p.130,131</ref> Not until late in the war did the US public assign collective responsibility to the German people.<ref name="Francis R. Nicosia p.130,131"/> The most notable policy document containing elements of collective guilt and collective punishment is [[JCS 1067]] from early 1945.<ref name="Francis R. Nicosia p.130,131"/> Eventually horrific footage from the concentration camps would serve to harden public opinion and bring it more in line with that of policymakers.<ref name="Francis R. Nicosia p.130,131"/>
* Nel 1952, il 25% aveva una buona opinione di [[Hitler]].
HoweverNonostante ciò, innel libro ''Hitler, Germans, and the 'Jewish Question,''' Sarah Ann Gordon notesnota thecome difficultyfosse ofdifficile drawingarrivare conclusionsa fromdelle theconclusioni con i surveyssondaggi. ForPer exampleesempio, respondentsin werequesto givensondaggio threegli alternativesintervistati frompotevano whichscegliere to choose, as intra questiontre 1risposte:
{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="margin-left:5px;"
|-
! Frase !! percentuale di concordi
! Statement !! Percentage agreeing
|-
| Hitler wasaveva rightragione innel hissuo treatmenttrattamento ofdegli the Jewsebrei:||0%
|-
| Hitler wentè tooandato fartroppo in hislà treatmentnel ofsuo thetrattamento Jews,verso butgli somethingebrei, hadma toqualcosa beandava donefatto toper keeptenerli them ina boundsbada:||19%
|-
| Le azioni contro gli ebrei non possono essere giustificate in nessun modo:||77%
| The actions against the Jews were in no way justified:||77%
|}
ToPer theil question91% ofdegli whetherintervistati anun Aryanariano whoche marriessposasse aun Jewebreo shouldnon beavrebbe condemned,dovuto 91essere condannato e per il 94% tutti quelli che ordinarno l'uccisione di civili o parteciparono agli omicidi dovevano essere processati.responded "No". To the question of whether "All those who ordered the murder of civilians or participated in the murdering should be made to stand trial," 94% responded "Yes".<ref name=gordon2>{{cite book | last = Gordon | first =Sarah Ann | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Hitler, Germans, and the 'Jewish Question | publisher =Princeton University Press | date = (March 1, 1984)| ___location = | pages = 202 - 205 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn =0691101620 }}</ref></blockquote>
Gordon singles out the question "Extermination of the Jews and Poles and other non-Aryans was not necessary for the security of the Germans", which included an implicit double negative to which the response was either yes or no. She concludes that this question was confusingly phrased: <blockquote>Some interviewees may have responded "no" they did not agree with the statement, when they actually did agree that the extermination was not necessary.<ref name=gordon>{{cite book | last = Gordon | first =Sarah Ann | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Hitler, Germans, and the 'Jewish Question | publisher =Princeton University Press | date = (March 1, 1984)| ___location = | pages =199–200 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn =0691101620 }}</ref></blockquote> She further highlights the discrepancy between the antisemitic implications of the survey results (such as those later identified by Judt) with the 77% percent of interviewees who responded that actions against Jews were in no way justified.<ref name=gordon/>.
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