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According to a paper by Huijbregtse and Geradts, the ENF technique, although powerful, has significant limitations caused by self-similarity within the mains frequency database, particularly for recor |
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In effec the mains hum signal is treated as if it was a time-dependent [[digital watermark]] that can be used to identify the time at which the recording was created, and to help detect any edits in the sound recording.<ref> Cooper, A.J: {{cite web|url=http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=14411|title=The electric network frequency (ENF) as an aid to authenticating forensic digital audio recordings – an automated approach}}, Conference paper, AES 33rd International Conference, USA (2008)</ref>
According to a paper by Huijbregtse and Geradts, the ENF technique, although powerful, has significant limitations caused by confusion based on fixed frequency offsets during recording, and self-similarity within the mains frequency database, particularly for recordings shorter than 10 minutes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forensic.to/ENF%20processed.pdf|title=Using the ENF criterion for determining the time of recording of short digital audio recordings|author=Maarten Huijbregtse, Zeno Geradts|publisher=Netherlands Forensic Institute, Departement Digital Evidence and Biometrics|accessdate=2010-06-06}}</ref>
== References ==
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