Electrical network frequency analysis: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 09:25, 6 June 2010

Revision as of 09:27, 6 June 2010

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In effec the mains hum signal is treated as if it was a time-dependent [[digital watermark]] that can be used to identify the time at which the recording was created, and to help detect any edits in the sound recording.<ref> Cooper, A.J: {{cite web|url=http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=14411|title=The electric network frequency (ENF) as an aid to authenticating forensic digital audio recordings – an automated approach}}, Conference paper, AES 33rd International Conference, USA (2008)</ref>

According to a paper by Huijbregtse and Geradts, the ENF technique, although powerful, has significant limitations caused by confusion based on fixed frequency offsets during recording, and self-similarity within the mains frequency database, particularly for recordings shorter than 10 minutes.<ref>=Maarten Huijbregtse, Zeno Geradts. {{cite web|url=http://www.forensic.to/ENF%20processed.pdf|title=Using the ENF criterion for determining the time of recording of short digital audio recordings|authoraccessdate=Maarten2010-06-06}} Huijbregtse,Lecture ZenoNotes Geradts|publisher=NetherlandsIn ForensicComputer InstituteScience; Vol. 5718, DepartementProceedings Digitalof Evidencethe and3rd International Workshop on Computational Forensics Biometrics|accessdate=2010-06-06}}</ref>

== References ==