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→Use in research: Noted use of alkaline phosphatase in enzyme immunoassays. |
→Elevated levels (hyperphosphatasemia): transient hyperALP of infancy |
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====Elevated levels (hyperphosphatasemia)====
If it is unclear why alkaline phosphatase is elevated, [[isoenzyme]] studies using [[electrophoresis]] can confirm the source of the ALP. Heat stability also distinguishes bone and liver isoenzymes ("bone burns, liver lasts").
* [[Liver]] (Liver ALP):
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** [[Paget's disease]], [[osteosarcoma]], bone metastases of [[prostatic cancer]] (High / very high ALP values)
** Other bone [[metastases]]
** [[fracture (bone)|fracture]]d bone▼
** [[Multiple myeloma]] (only when associated with fractures)
* [[Skeletal]] involvement of other primary diseases:
** [[Osteomalacia]], [[rickets]], [[vitamin D deficiency]], (Moderate rise)
** Malign [[tumors]] (ALP originating from tumor)
** [[Renal disease]] (secondary [[hyperparathyroidism]])
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* [[pregnancy]]
* [[biliary]] obstruction
* Transient hyperphosphatasaemia of infancy: [[benign]], often assocoated with infection
▲* [[fracture (bone)|fracture]]d bone
====Lowered levels (hypophosphatasemia)====
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