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:<math>E_n(\bold{k}) = \frac{\hbar^2 (\bold{k} + \bold{G_n})^2}{2m}</math>
and consists of a increasing number of free electron bands <math>E_n(\bold{k})</math> when the energy rises. <math>\bold{G}_n</math> is the [[reciprocal lattice]] vector to which the band <math>E_n(\bold{k})</math> belongs. Electrons with larger wave vectors outside the first [[Brillouin zone]] are mapped back into the first Brillouin zone by a so called [[Umklapp scattering|Umklapp process]].
In three-dimensional space the Brillouin zone boundaries are planes. The dispersion relations show conics of the free-electron energy dispersion parabolas for all possible reciprocal lattice vectors.
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