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In [[probability theory]] and [[statistics]], a '''graphical model (GM)''' represents [[statistical independence|dependencies]] among [[random variable|random variables]] by a [[graph (mathematics)|graph]] in which each random variable is a node.
In the simplest case, the network structure of the model is a [[directed acyclic graph]](DAG). Then the GM represents a factorization of the joint [[probability]] of all random variables. More precisely, if the events are
:''X''<sub>1</sub>, ..., ''X''<sub>''n''</sub>,
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