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Coral reefs are estimated to cover 284,300 square kilometers, with the Indo-Pacific region (including the [[Red Sea]], [[Indian Ocean]], [[Southeast Asia]] and the [[Pacific]]) accounting for 91.9 percent of the total. Southeast Asia accounts for 32.3 percent of that figure, while the Pacific including [[Australia]] accounts for 40.8 percent. [[Atlantic]] and [[Caribbean]] coral reefs only account for 7.6 percent of the world total (Spalding et al., 2001).
Coral reefs are either restricted or absent from along the west coast of the [[Americas]], as well as the west coast of [[Africa]]. This is due primarily to [[upwelling]] and strong cold coastal currents that reduce water temperatures in these areas (Nybakken, 1997). Corals are also restricted from off the coastline of South Asia from [[Pakistan]] to [[Bangladesh]] (Spalding et al., 2001). HIHIHIIHIH(IHIHIHIHIH
Famous coral reefs and reef areas of the world include:
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