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{{Bio

|Nome = Fujiwara no Kamatari

|Cognome =

|PostCognome = {{nihongo||藤原 鎌足}}

|Sesso = M

|LuogoNascita =

|LuogoNascitaLink =

|GiornoMeseNascita =

|AnnoNascita = 614

|LuogoMorte =

|GiornoMeseMorte = 14 novembre

|AnnoMorte = 669

|Attività = politico

|Attività2 = statista

|Attività3 = cortigiano

|Nazionalità = giapponese

|PostNazionalità =   durante il [[Periodo Asuka]].

|Immagine = Fujiwara-Kamatari.jpg

|Didascalia = Illustrazione di Fujiwara no Kamatari di [[Kikuchi Yōsai]].<ref name="nussbaum203">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Tadahira" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 203|page=203}}; Brinkley, Frank ''et al.'' (1915). {{Google books|JlUCAAAAYAAJ|''A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era,'' p. 203.|page=203}}</ref>

}}

Kamatari è stato il fondatore del [[Clan Fujiwara]]: il suo clan di nascita era infatti il [[Clan Nakatomi]], e, figlio di [[Nakatomi no Mikeko]], era chiamato '''Nakatomi no Kamatari''' (中臣 鎌足). Poco prima di morire ricevette il cognome ''Fujiwara'' dall' [[Tenji|Imperatore Tenji]], di cui era amico e sostenitore sin dai tempi in cui era noto come ''Principe Naka no Ōe'' {{nihongo||中大兄皇子}}.

Kamatari era a capo dei ''Jingi no Haku'', religiosi [[Shintoismo|Shintoisti]], e come tale era uno dei principali oppositori al crescente predominio del [[Buddismo]] a corte e nella nazione. Nel 645 il Principe Naka no Ōe e Kamatari tentarono un colpo di stato a corte, noto come [[Incidente di Isshi]], uccidendo un cortigiano che aveva grande influenza sull' [[Kogyoku|Imperatrice Kōgyoku]], di nome [[Soga no Iruka]]; a causa di questo avvenimento il padre di Iruka, [[Soga no Emishi]], commise [[seppuku]].

L'Imperatrice Kōgyoku fu costretta ad abdicare in favore del proprio fratello minore, che divenne l'[[Kotoku|Imperatore Kōtoku]]; questi nominò Kamatari ''[[Naidaijin]]'' (Ministro dell'Interno).

Kamatari was a leader in the development of what became known as the ''[[Taika Reforms]],'' a major set of reforms based on Chinese models and aimed at strengthening Imperial power. He one of the principle editors responsible for the development of the Japanese legal code known as ''[[Sandai-kyaku-shiki]]'', sometimes referred to as the ''Rules and Regulations of the Three Generations''.<ref>Brinkley, {{Google books|JlUCAAAAYAAJ|p. 177.|page=177}}</ref>

During his life Kamatari continued to support Prince Naka no Ōe, who became Emperor Tenji in 661. Tenji granted him the highest rank ''[[Taishokan]]'' and a new clan name, Fujiwara, as honors.

His son was [[Fujiwara no Fuhito]] (or Fubito). Kamatari's nephew, [[Nakatomi no Omimaro]] became head of [[Ise Shrine]], and passed down the Nakatomi name.

Three unifiers of Japan were related to the Fujiwara:

*[[Oda Nobunaga]]'s great-grand niece married into the Fujiwara.

*[[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]'s second wife was distantly related by marriage to the Fujiwara.

*[[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]'s heirs married into the Fujiwara.

[[File:Fujiwara-Kamatari-LACMA.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Fujiwara no Kamatari with his sons Joē and [[Fujiwara no Fuhito]], who is wearing court robes.]]Among his descendants were [[Fumimaro Konoe]] the 34th/38th/39th Prime Minister of Japan and Konoe's grandson [[Morihiro Hosokawa]] the 79th Prime Minister of Japan and is also a descendant of the [[Hosokawa clan]] via the [[Ashikaga clan]] of the [[Minamoto clan]]. {[[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] first wife was also related to the [[Minamoto clan]]}.

In the 13th century, the main line of the Fujiwara family split into five houses: [[Konoe family|Konoe]], [[Takatsukasa family|Takatsukasa]], [[Kujō family|Kujō]], [[Nijō family|Nijō]] and [[Ichijō family|Ichijō]]. These five families in turn provided regents for the Emperor, and were thus known as the [[Five Regent Houses]]. The [[Tachibana clan (samurai)]] also claim descent from the Fujiwara. [[Emperor Montoku]] of the [[Taira clan]] was descended through his mother of the Fujiwara. {Oda Nobunga also claimed descent from the [[Taira clan]]}.

Until the marriage of the Crown Prince [[Hirohito]] (posthumously [[Emperor Shōwa]]) to Princess Kuni Nagako (posthumously [[Empress Kōjun]]) in January 1924, the principal consorts of emperors and crown princes had always been recruited from one of the [[Sekke Fujiwara]]. Imperial princesses were often married to Fujiwara lords - throughout a millennium at least. As recently as Emperor Shōwa's third daughter, the late former Princess Takanomiya (Kazoku), and Prince Mikasa's elder daughter, the former Princess Yasuko, married into Takatsukasa and Konoe families, respectively. [[Empress Shōken]] was a descendant of the Fujiwara clan and through [[Hosokawa Gracia]] of the [[Minamoto clan]]. Likewise a daughter of the [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu|last Tokugawa Shogun]] married a second cousin of Emperor Shōwa.

==See also==

* [[Tōshi Kaden]], a bibliographic record

==Notes==

{{reflist}}

==References==

* [[Frank Brinkley|Brinkley, Frank]] and [[Dairoku Kikuchi]]. (1915). ''A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era.'' New York: Encyclopædia Britannica. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/history-of-the-japanese-people-from-the-earliest-times-to-the-end-of-the-meiji-era/oclc/413099 OCLC 413099]

* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [http://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&client=firefox-a ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. 10-ISBN 0-674-01753-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition OCLC 58053128]

* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.''] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/nipon-o-dai-itsi-ran-ou-annales-des-empereurs-du-japon/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]

{{Fujiwara family tree}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fujiwara no, Kamatari}}

[[Category:614 births]]

[[Category:669 deaths]]

[[Category:Fujiwara clan]]

[[Category:People of Asuka-period Japan]]

[[Category:Konoe family]]

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[[ko:후지와라 가마타리]]

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[[ja:藤原鎌足]]

[[pl:Kamatari Fujiwara]]

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[[uk:Накатомі но Каматарі]]

[[zh:藤原鎌足]]