Serial memory processing has been studied neurologically, and certain brain regions have been found to be associated to this processing. There is evidence that both the [[prefrontal cortex]] and the [[hippocampus|hippocampal region]] are related to serial memory processing. This is because lesions in these areas tend to be related to impaired ability in remembering serial order. <ref• These name=Chiba>Chiba,brain A.,regions Kesner,can R.,have &impairments Reynolds,on A.memory (1994)for temporal order. MemoryLesions on the medial prefrontal cortex shows total memory loss for the temporal order of spatial ___locationlocations as(this was tested by ability on a functionmaze oftask). temporalOn lagthe other hand, lesions in rats:the Rolehippocampal regions showed delayed memory loss. The participants remembered for a short time the temporal order of spatial locations, those memory declined thereafter. <ref name=Chauveau>Chauveau, F., et al. (2009). The hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex are differentially involved in serial memory retrieval in non-stress and stress conditions. ''BehavioralNeurobiology andof NeuralLearning Biologyand 61Memory, 91''(1).</ref> Rat studies have shown that lesions in the prefrontal cortex cause an inability to remember the 2nd of two items in a set. As well, the rats showed increased [[corticosterone]] while experiencing stress during a serial memory task. On the other hand, rat studies have also shown that lesions in the hippocampal regions cause an inability to remember the 1st of two items. Furthermore, these rats do not show an increase in their corticosterone while experiencing stress, demonstrating differing effects for differing brain regions. As well it shows that the different brain regions differentially activate corticosterone, a hormone related to memory effects. <ref name=ChauveauChiba>ChauveauChiba, FA., etKesner, alR., & Reynolds, A. (20091994). TheMemory hippocampusfor andspatial prefrontal___location cortexas area differentiallyfunction involvedof intemporal seriallag memoryin retrievalrats: inRole non-stressof hippocampus and stressmedial conditionsprefrontal cortex. ''Neurobiology of LearningBehavioral and Memory,Neural 91Biology 61''(1).</ref>
Generally, it has been found that the [[left hemisphere]] is better at serial processing and serial memory comparisons than the [[right hemisphere]]. These processes may be more related to the lateralization of left hemispheric functions rather than right hemispheric ones.
