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The automation of cross-organizational [[business process]]es is one of the most important trends of the information age. lnstead of a tight [[integration]] however, collaborating organizations rather strive for a loose coupling of their information systems. The information systems should be able to work together but retain as much independency as possible. This characteristic is also called [[interoperability]]. In the context of collaborating '''organizations''', the term Business Interoperability was proposed. In comparison to technical interoperability notions, this term refers to the '''capability of autonomous organizations to execute a collaborative business process among them'''.<br />
=== Information System ===
[[Information system]]s are systems that process information, i.e. they capture, transport, transform, store and offer information. Following the conception prevailing in information systems research, an information system comprises not only the hardware and software of an enterprise, but also the related human actors, business functions and processes as well as organization structures.<ref> Compare BECKER & SCHÜTTE (2004), p. 33, and GABRIEL (2008)</ref>. This broad understanding is also
=== Architecture of Interoperable Information System ===
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