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used only in solving for intensity and modes within shaped (bent, tapered, terminated) waveguide
structures, as opposed to scattering problems. These structures typically consist of [[isotropic]] optical materials, but the BPM has also been extended to be applicable to simulate the propagation of light in general [[anisotropic]] materials such as [[liquid crystals]]. This allows to [http://www.elis.ugent.be/ELISgroups/lcd/research/bpm.php analyze] e.g. the polarization rotation of light in anisotropic materials, the tunability of a directional coupler based on liquid crystals or the light diffraction in LCD pixels.
==Limitations of BPM==
The beam propagation method relies on the [[slowly varying envelope approximation]], and is inaccurate for the modelling of discretely or fastly varying structures. It is also inaccurate for the modelling of structures with a high-index contrast, for instance in [[silicon photonics]]. More rigorous alternatives include [[Eigenmode Expansion]] and [[FDTD]].
==BPM software==
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