Revision as of 00:14, 24 August 2012 edit Ocdnctx (talk \| contribs) Extended confirmed users 1,903 edits →Improvement needed - urgently!: sp., gram., fmt ← Previous edit		Revision as of 01:13, 24 August 2012 edit undo Ocdnctx (talk \| contribs) Extended confirmed users 1,903 edits →Salmonella risk, from pro-python site: add Links to medical journals describing transmission of salmonella from a snakebite, or just keeping snakes as pets. Next edit →
Line 186: :It's Salmonella, not Ebola or the T-virus. I handle raw chicken directly when making dinner, I feed it to my dog (look up raw feeding, far superior to most kibbles), and as long as I wash my hands, I'm fine. Snakes are not some sort of ultra-germ-repository any more than we are - wash your hands and you'll be fine. All in all, you're far more likely to get salmonella from food than snake handling, so they aren't particularly notable in this regard. And unless you can provide a link to a medical journal describing transmission of salmonella from a snakebite, that's a non-issue. [[User:HCA\|HCA]] ([[User talk:HCA\|talk]]) 22:29, 20 August 2012 (UTC) --------------- --------------- '''Links to medical journals describing transmission of salmonella from a snakebite, or just keeping snakes as pets.''' -------------- Bello CS, Singh S, Al-Waley A, Hyde M, Khan MR. '''Salmonella arizonae infection from snake bite.''' Ann Saudi Med. 2001 Sep-Nov;21(5-6):352-3. PMID 17261948 ------------ Sanyal D, Douglas T, Roberts R. '''Salmonella infection acquired from reptilian pets.''' Arch Dis Child. 1997 Oct;77(4):345-6. Abstract Two children presented with signs and symptoms of gastroenteritis. Salmonella chameleon was isolated from the stool of one child and also from an iguana kept in the home as a pet. Salmonella arizonae was isolated from the stool of the other child and also from four snakes sharing the same household. Exotic reptiles are unsuitable pets to share the home environment with infants. PMID 9389242 PMCID PMC1717353 Free PMC Article ------------ Gruschwitz MS, Mahler V, Rupprecht M, Hornstein OP. [Snake bite by a '''poisonous snake.''' Report of an unusual case]. Hautarzt. 1994 May;45(5):330-4. Abstract We report on a 31-year-old white woman, who was bitten in her right calf by a "spitting cobra" (Neia nigricollis) during a safari in Tansania. Minor initial systemic symptoms such as nausea and vomiting were followed by severe oedematous swelling of the extremity after 2-3 h and demarcation of a 2.75 x 2.75 in. area of necrotic skin. The patient returned to her home country, where 8 days after the snake-bite '''necrosectomy''' was performed. Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents and local therapy with hydrocolloidal wound dressings were administered. With this therapy the lesion healed completely with minor scarring within 5 months. A new '''Salmonella''' strain was isolated from the ground of the ulcer. ---------- Rakesh Kumar Mahajan,1 Shoeb Akhtar Khan,2 Dinesh Singh Chandel,2 Navin Kumar,1 Charoo Hans,1 and Rama Chaudhry2,* '''Fatal Case of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae Gastroenteritis in an Infant with Microcephaly''' J Clin Microbiol. 2003 December; 41(12): 5830–5832. Abstract '''Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae is a common gut inhabitant of reptiles, with snakes as the most common reservoir.''' Though human cases due to this organism are exceedingly rare, it may infect young infants and immunocompromised individuals with a history of '''intimate associations with reptiles.''' Gastroenteritis is the most common presentation; others include peritonitis, pleuritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, and bacteremia. We report a '''fatal case of S. enterica subsp. arizonae gastroenteritis in a 3-month-old child''' with microcephaly, with a review of earlier cases and problems encountered in identification of this rare human pathogen. ... the child's father was a snake charmer, having a professional interaction with reptiles at home ... It was initially considered to be a reptile pathogen; the first report of human infection came in 1944 (J. M. Croop, B. Shapiro, G. Alpert, J. M. Campos, and W. Zavod, Letter, Pediatr. Infect. Dis. 3:188, 1984). Turtle-associated salmonellosis was also reported in 1963 (7). '''Now it is established as a well-known pathogen in young children''' and in patients with impaired immunity. ... '''A literature survey (Table (Table1)1) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC309002/table/t1/] yielded 17 case reports of S. enterica subsp. arizonae infection,''' of which 11 were children, including 4 infants. Eleven of those 17 had an underlying disease such as AIDS, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), cancer, or leukemia. Clinical presentations varied: four cases each with gastroenteritis, bacteremia, and osteomyelitis; two with pleural effusion; and one each with otitis media, peritonitis, meningitis, and wound infection. Most of these strains of S. enterica subsp. arizonae were sensitive to all common antibiotics. ... '''S. enterica subsp. arizonae,''' though an uncommon human pathogen, '''is a common organism in reptiles, particularly snakes.''' The prevalence of human infections is probably underestimated since the gastrointestinal problems they generate were considered usually benign. However, this pathogen should be considered in the differential diagnoses of patients with sepsis and severe gastroenteritis who have a history of contact with reptiles or ingestion of snake meat preparations, e.g., as powdered capsules. '''Young children are at a particular risk''' of acquiring such infections. Therefore, proper history should be obtained in such cases. Ownership of reptiles should be discouraged, especially in households with children less then 5 years of age. PMID 8050904 doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.12.5830-5832.2003 PMCID: PMC309002 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC309002 --------------- Schröter M, Roggentin P, Hofmann J, Speicher A, Laufs R, Mack D. '''Pet snakes as a reservoir for Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae (Serogroup IIIb): a prospective study.''' Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Jan;70(1):613-5. Abstract Reptile-associated Salmonella infections are an increasing problem for humans. We have prospectively screened two breeding groups of 16 pet snakes for colonization with Salmonella species.''' Various serovars of S. enterica subsp. diarizonae were found in 81% of the snakes. To avoid transmission, strict hygienic precautions should be applied when reptiles are handled.''' Exotic reptiles have enjoyed increasing popularity as pets during the last few years. This increase in popularity has led to an increase in the number of reptile-associated salmonella infections which occur every year in the United States (presently estimated at 93,000) (4; J. Mermin, L. Hutwagner, D. Vugia, P. Kirley, J. Bender, J. Koehler, T. McGivern, R. Marcus, F. Angulo, and the FoodNet Working Group, 36th Annu. Meet. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am., 1998 [http://www.cdc.gov/foodnet/pub/idsa/1998/mermin_j.htm]). Children under the age of 10 years and immunocompromised people seem to be especially prone to infections with reptile-associated Salmonella spp. and often experience severe clinical courses, including fatalities due to septicemia and meningitis (2, 4). ... ... '''corn snakes, pythons, and boas have also been identified as '''sources of Salmonella infections''' ... PMID 14711697 Free PMC Article PMCID PMC321278 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC321278/#r1 Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 January; 70(1): 613–615. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.1.613-615.2004

Talk:Burmese python: Difference between revisions