Stanford Physics Information Retrieval System: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:12, 23 November 2012

Revision as of 16:21, 23 November 2012

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[[File:Stanford Physics Information Retrieval System Logo.png|right|]]

The '''Stanford Physics Information Retrieval System''' (SPIRES) is a database management system developed by [[Stanford University]]. It is used by universities, colleges and research institutions. The first website in North America was created to allow remote users access to its database.

==History==
SPIRES was originally developed at the [[Stanford Linear Accelerator Center]] (SLAC) in 1969, from a design based on a 1967 information study of physicists at SLAC. The system was designed as a [[physics]] [[database management system]] (DBMS) to deal with high-energy-physics preprints.<ref>[http://www.slac.stanford.edu/library/uspires/ The UNIX-SPIRES Collaboration at SLAC.]</ref> Written in [[PL/I]], SPIRES ran on an [[IBM mainframe]].

In the early 1970s, an evaluation of this system resulted in the decision to implement a new system for use by faculty, staff and students at [[Stanford University]]. SPIRES was renamed the '''Stanford Public Information Retrieval System'''. The new development took place under a National Science Foundation grant headed by Edwin B. Parker, principal investigator. SPIRES joined forces with the BALLOTS project to create a bibliographic citation retrieval system and quickly evolved into a generalized information retrieval and data base management system that could meet the needs of a large and diverse computing community.

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== SPIRES High Energy Physics database (SPIRES-HEP) ==

The SPIRES High Energy Physics database (SPIRES-HEP),<ref>[http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires SPIRES High Energy Physics database]</ref> installed at [[Stanford Linear Accelerator Center]] (SLAC) in the 1970s,<ref>[http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/find/hep/www?r=SLAC-PUB-7110 The Virtual library in action: Collaborative international control of high-energy physics preprints Kreitz, P.A. et al.]</ref> became the first website in North America<ref name=firstWebsite/>[<ref name=firstWebsite>{{cite web |url=http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/cms/?pid=1000922 |title=Happy Webiversary! |last=Khirallah |first=Diane Rezendes Khirallah,|date=March D.]2012 |work=Symmetry: dimensions of particle physics |publisher=Fermilab/SLAC |accessdate=23 November 2012}}</ref><ref>[http://www.slac.stanford.edu/history/earlyweb/history.shtml The Early World Wide Web at SLAC: Documentation of the Early Web at SLAC (1991-1994)]</ref> and the first database accessible through the [[World Wide Web]] in 1991.<ref>[http://www.slac.stanford.edu/history/earlyweb/history.shtml The Early World Wide Web at SLAC: Early Chronology and Documents<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> It has since expanded into a joint project of SLAC, [[Fermilab]], and [[DESY]], with mirrors hosted at those institutions as well as at the [[Institute for High Energy Physics]] (Russia), the [[University of Durham]] (UK), the [[Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics]] at [[Kyoto University]] (Japan), and

the [[Indonesian Institute of Sciences]] LIPI (Indonesia). This project stores bibliographic information about the literature of the field of [[High Energy Physics]] and is an example of [[academic databases and search engines]].