Data is usually read from a video camera or a video card in the [[YCbCr]] data format (often wronglyinformally marked ascalled [[YUV]], which should be used for analog data onlybrevity). The coding process varies greatly depending on which type of encoder is used (e.g.:, [[JPEG]], or [[H.264/MPEG-4 AVC|H.264]]), but the most common steps usually include: partitioning into [[macroblock]]s, transformtransformation (e.g.:, using a [[Discrete cosine transform|DCT]], or [[Discrete wavelet transform|wavelet]]), [[Quantization (image processing)|quantization]] and [[entropy encoding]].
Intra-frame coding is applied to the partitioning into macroblocks step.
