Command and control regulation: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 01:05, 31 July 2013

Revision as of 01:17, 31 July 2013

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The international nature of many contemporary environmental issues makes CAC regulatory approaches difficult. Since the 1970s enthusiasm for the implementation of economic incentives for regulation has been on the increase. This is due, in part, to the disenchantment with command and control.<ref name="handm">Harrington, W., Morgenstern, R. (2004) Economic Instruments versus Command and Control. ''Resources. pp. 13-17.''</ref> The shift away from CAC does not seem to be slowing, the increased participation of a variety of actors may be the answer. The role of environmental [[NGOs]] in policy making has changed drastically in recent decades. Their numbers and the influence they exert over national governments and negotiations at interntianal level has risen.<ref name="mc"/> The involvement of NGOs has assisted the development of international policy in a number of ways. A great deal of environmental policy has been influenced by research collected by these organisations. They also act as whistleblowers, updating the regulators of progress and compliance. A blend of different approaches, involving a range of actors and regulatory types may be the best answer. However, it is likely that many governments will persist with CAC because of the political benefits and the fact that it is not always as inflexible and inefficient as many economists would suggest.<ref name="mc">McCormick, J. (1999) The Role of Environmental NGOs in International Regimes. ''In: Vig, N., Axelrod, R. (Eds.) The Global Environment: Institutions, Laws and Policy.'' UK: Earthscan.</ref>

===='''Shortcomings '''====

Environmental Command and Control, although highly beneficial to the overall health of the earth's environment comes equipped with a few shortcomings.

# They provide no incentive to go beyond the limits they set.

# They offer limited flexibility in where and how pollution will be reduced.

# They often have politically motivated loopholes.

==References==