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== Mapping of terms ==
Different models of the life cycle of content may have important differences, not least in the specific meaning attached to the names of terms they employ. FRBR, indecs and CRM were each informed by different functional requirements, and so evolved different mechanisms for dealing with the issues that seemed most important to them. Each is a particular view on the "universe of discourse" of resources and relationships: there are many valid views. Broadly, they are compatible, and effective integration of metadata from schemes based on them should be achievable, but they must be handled with care. As an example: the terms abstraction, manifestation, item and expression are often used in considering content life cycles (e.g. a sound recording is the expression of a musical work during a recording session at a particular place and time, and is distinct from, say, the master tape made, which is a manifestation). These were dealt with in indecs, but may have slightly different meanings in other schemes. Such an analysis of meaning of a term from a scheme is possible in indecs by mapping the precise definitions into further terms with precise definitions within the indecs Framework (as illustrated in the example table below). indecs and other frameworks based on it continue to be developed and refined through the process of implementation.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Entity
! Definition <ref>[http://www.doi.org/topics/indecs/indecs_framework_2000.pdf ''The <indecs> metadata framework Version 2.0'', June 2000] Words in bold face are further terms with precise definitions with the
framework.</ref>
! Relationship
! Examples & standard identifiers
|-
| '''Abstraction'''
| A '''creation''' which is a '''concept'''
|
* Expressed in an expression
|
* A textual abstraction
** PII: [[Publisher Item Identifier]]
** ISTC: [[International Standard Textual Work Code]]
* A serial (e.g., a magazine)
** ISSN: [[International Standard Serial Number]]
* A [[musical composition]]
** ISWC: [[International Standard Musical Work Code]]
* An audiovisual abstraction
** ISAN: [[International Standard Audiovisual Number]]
|-
| '''Expression'''
| An '''event''' which is a '''creation''' (may be a '''performance''')
|
* Fixed in a manifestation
* Abstracted to an abstraction
|
* An audio or a video recording
** ISRC: [[International Standard Recording Code]]
|-
| '''Manifestation'''
| An '''artefact''' (a creation which is a thing) containing an '''infixion''' (or encoding) of an '''expression''' (is either [[physical property|physical]], e.g., a book, or [[Digital data|digital]], e.g., an [[MP3]] file)
|
* Instantiated in an item
* Abstracted to an abstraction
|
* A book
** ISBN [[International Standard Book Number]]
* A component of a serial (e.g., an issue or an article)
** SICI: [[Serial Instance and Contribution Identifier]]
* Printed music (e.g., a score)
** ISMN: [[International Standard Music Number]]
* Any of these may be identified by:
**EAN-13: [[European Article Number]]
** UPC: [[Universal Product Code]];
|-
| '''Item'''
| A single instance of an '''artefact'''
|
|
* A book in a library
* A magazine in a doctor's waiting room
* A score on a flautist's music stand
|}
== References ==
| 